Fontaine Benoît, Bergerot Benjamin, Le Viol Isabelle, Julliard Romain
Département Ecologie et Gestion de la Biodiversité Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle UMR 7204 - Conservation des espèces, suivi et restauration des populations, Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation Paris France.
UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO - Université de Rennes 1 Paris France.
Ecol Evol. 2016 Oct 18;6(22):8174-8180. doi: 10.1002/ece3.2526. eCollection 2016 Nov.
We investigated the interacting impacts of urban landscape and gardening practices on the species richness and total abundance of communities of common butterfly communities across France, using data from a nationwide monitoring scheme. We show that urbanization has a strong negative impact on butterfly richness and abundance but that at a local scale, such impact could be mitigated by gardening practices favoring nectar offer. We found few interactions among these landscape and local scale effects, indicating that butterfly-friendly gardening practices are efficient whatever the level of surrounding urbanization. We further highlight that species being the most negatively affected by urbanization are the most sensitive to gardening practices: Garden management can thus partly counterbalance the deleterious effect of urbanization for butterfly communities. This holds a strong message for park managers and private gardeners, as gardens may act as potential refuge for butterflies when the overall landscape is largely unsuitable.
我们利用一项全国性监测计划的数据，研究了城市景观和园艺实践对法国常见蝴蝶群落物种丰富度和总丰度的相互影响。我们发现城市化对蝴蝶的丰富度和丰度有强烈的负面影响，但在局部尺度上，有利于提供花蜜的园艺实践可以减轻这种影响。我们发现这些景观和局部尺度效应之间的相互作用很少，这表明无论周围城市化水平如何，有利于蝴蝶的园艺实践都是有效的。我们进一步强调，受城市化负面影响最大的物种对园艺实践最为敏感：因此，花园管理可以部分抵消城市化对蝴蝶群落的有害影响。这对公园管理者和私家园丁来说意义重大，因为当整体景观在很大程度上不适合时，花园可能成为蝴蝶的潜在避难所。
