Constantino Michael J, Morrison Nicholas R, Coyne Alice E, Goodwin Brien J, Santorelli Gennarina D, Angus Lynne
University of Massachusetts Amherst.
York University.
J Clin Psychol. 2017 Feb;73(2):139-152. doi: 10.1002/jclp.22428. Epub 2016 Nov 23.
Corrective experiences (CEs), which suggest transformative experience(s) for the psychotherapy patient, have a rich theoretical history; yet there is little empirical information on patients' own perceptions of what gets "corrected" from therapy, and what is "corrective" (i.e., the mechanisms driving the CE). To address this gap, we investigated 14 patients' posttreatment accounts of both CE elements in the context of naturalistically delivered individual psychotherapy, using a consensual qualitative research methodology. Extending prior research focused on patients' accounts of CEs while still engaged in treatment (Heatherington et al., 2012), the present results revealed that patients retrospectively identified an array of categories that were deemed corrected, such as positive changes in cognitions, interpersonal problems, self-concepts, symptoms, and behaviors. Patients also identified CEs that may have led to those shifts/transformations, including their therapist's actions (especially giving feedback), their own agentic actions (especially engaging in the therapeutic process), and the patient-therapist collaborative and engaged relationship. Clinical practice implications are discussed.
矫正性体验（CEs）对心理治疗患者而言意味着变革性体验，有着丰富的理论历史；然而，关于患者自身对治疗中“矫正”了什么以及什么是“矫正性的”（即驱动矫正性体验的机制）的看法，实证信息却很少。为了填补这一空白，我们采用共识质性研究方法，调查了14名患者在自然实施的个体心理治疗背景下对矫正性体验要素的治疗后描述。扩展了先前聚焦于患者仍在接受治疗时对矫正性体验描述的研究（希瑟林顿等人，2012年），目前的结果显示，患者回顾性地确定了一系列被认为得到矫正的类别，如认知、人际关系问题、自我概念、症状和行为方面的积极变化。患者还确定了可能导致这些转变/变革的矫正性体验，包括治疗师的行为（特别是给予反馈）、他们自己的主动行为（特别是参与治疗过程）以及患者与治疗师的协作和参与关系。文中讨论了对临床实践的启示。
