Reddy Sukumar Gajjala, Ali Syed Yousuf, Khalidi Azheel
Department of Dermatology and STD, Shadan Institute of Medical Sciences, Teaching Hospital and Research Centre (A Post Graduate Institute), Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS. 2016 Jul-Dec;37(2):147-150. doi: 10.4103/0253-7184.192122.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemicity is a major concern today as it causes greater loss of productivity than any other disease. HIV infection leads to profound immune deficiency and patients become highly susceptible to opportunistic infections (OIs). HIV epidemic in India is heterogeneous in nature, both in terms of routes of transmission as well as geographical spread.
(1) Determine prevalence of OIs among HIV-seropositive patients and their relation to CD4 count and to focus on the routes of transmission. (2) Analyze the route of transmission.
This is a single-center prospective study including all the patients attending acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) care center during the period of January 2014 to December 2014.
Among 71 patients included in this study, mean age was 30 years, 57.7% (41 patients) were male, 42.3% (30 patients) were female. Mean CD4 cell count of the study group was 260.11 and of patients on antiretroviral therapy increased subsequently to 553.37 cells/ml. Among the infections, the prevalence of candidiasis, tuberculosis (TB), tinea infections, seborrheic dermatitis, giardiasis, cryptosporidiosis, and were 36.6%, 29.58%, 4.22%, 2.82%, 4.22%, 1.4%, and 1.4%. Most predominant routes were heterosexual transmission at 94.3%. It was followed by vertical transmission seen in 2.8%. Homosexual transmission is 1.4% and intravenous drug abuse 1.4%.
The frequency of infections among HIV/AIDS patients has got a similar linear relation with CD4 cell count. This study reports data will serve as a matrix for future evaluation. It is concluded that candidiasis, TB are the most common infections in the HIV-seropositive patients in the present study group.
如今，人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的流行是一个主要问题，因为它造成的生产力损失比任何其他疾病都要大。HIV感染会导致严重的免疫缺陷，患者极易感染机会性感染（OIs）。印度的HIV流行在传播途径和地理分布方面具有异质性。
（1）确定HIV血清阳性患者中机会性感染的患病率及其与CD4细胞计数的关系，并关注传播途径。（2）分析传播途径。
这是一项单中心前瞻性研究，纳入了2014年1月至2014年12月期间在获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）护理中心就诊的所有患者。
在本研究纳入的71例患者中，平均年龄为30岁，男性占57.7%（41例），女性占42.3%（30例）。研究组的平均CD4细胞计数为260.11，接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的患者随后增至553.37个细胞/毫升。在感染中，念珠菌病、结核病（TB）、癣感染、脂溢性皮炎、贾第虫病、隐孢子虫病的患病率分别为36.6%、29.58%、4.22%、2.82%、4.22%、1.4%和1.4%。最主要的传播途径是异性传播，占94.3%。其次是垂直传播，占2.8%。同性传播为1.4%，静脉药物滥用为1.4%。
HIV/AIDS患者中的感染频率与CD4细胞计数具有相似的线性关系。本研究报告的数据将作为未来评估的一个矩阵。得出的结论是，在本研究组中，念珠菌病、结核病是HIV血清阳性患者中最常见的感染。
