Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India.
Department of Geography, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India.
Acta Parasitol. 2022 Jun;67(2):947-961. doi: 10.1007/s11686-022-00547-z. Epub 2022 Apr 11.
Intestinal protozoan parasites are responsible for diarrheal diseases causing significant morbidity and mortality. Entamoeba histolytica is the principle protozoan parasite associated with diarrheal infections. The infection is often associated with inaccessibility to clean drinking water and poor sanitary conditions in low- and middle-income countries including India. A comprehensive systematic review was performed to evaluate a reliable nationwide estimate for prevalence and geographic distribution of amoebiasis in India and the complications associated with it.
We used the PRISMA guidelines to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of articles published between the year 2001-2020. Two English language databases PubMed and Web of Science were searched to achieve relevant studies.
Initial searches resulted in 467 studies out of which 64 eligible articles involving data from 289,659 human subjects from 12 states and 4 union territories were included in the final analysis. Prevalence of amoebiasis ranged from 3-23% in asymptomatic population, 0.64-11% in symptomatic patients and 1-17.5% in HIV-infected patients. Highest prevalence was seen in Tamil Nadu, Andaman Nicobar Island and North East India. Extra intestinal invasion of Entamoeba histolytica leading to complications such as amoebic liver abscess, amoebic colitis, colonic perforation and ameboma were also reported. Such complications have the potential to increase healthcare burden and may prove to be fatal.
Amoebiasis remains a significant public health issue in India responsible for diarrheal diseases causing significant morbidity and mortality. Entamoeba histolytica is the principle protozoan parasite associated with amoebiasis. Public health efforts should be directed towards its control and better diagnostic methods should be employed for distinguishing between pathogenic and non-pathogenic species of Entamoeba.
肠道原生动物寄生虫是导致腹泻病的主要原因，这些疾病会导致严重的发病率和死亡率。溶组织内阿米巴是与腹泻感染相关的主要原生动物寄生虫。这种感染通常与在包括印度在内的低收入和中等收入国家无法获得清洁饮用水和卫生条件差有关。进行了一项全面的系统评价，以评估印度全国范围内阿米巴病的流行率和地理分布以及与之相关的并发症的可靠估计。
我们使用 PRISMA 指南对 2001 年至 2020 年期间发表的文章进行了系统评价和荟萃分析。搜索了两个英文数据库 PubMed 和 Web of Science，以获取相关研究。
最初的搜索结果产生了 467 项研究，其中 64 项符合条件的文章涉及来自 12 个邦和 4 个联邦属地的 289659 个人类受试者的数据，这些文章被纳入最终分析。无症状人群中的阿米巴病患病率为 3-23%，症状患者中的患病率为 0.64-11%，HIV 感染患者中的患病率为 1-17.5%。泰米尔纳德邦、安达曼和尼科巴群岛以及印度东北部的患病率最高。溶组织内阿米巴的肠外侵袭导致并发症，如肝脓肿、阿米巴结肠炎、结肠穿孔和阿米巴瘤，也有报道。这些并发症有可能增加医疗保健负担，并可能导致致命后果。
阿米巴病仍然是印度的一个重大公共卫生问题，它是导致腹泻病的主要原因，会导致严重的发病率和死亡率。溶组织内阿米巴是与阿米巴病相关的主要原生动物寄生虫。应将公共卫生工作重点放在其控制上，并应采用更好的诊断方法来区分致病性和非致病性的内阿米巴物种。
