Badland Hannah, Foster Sarah, Bentley Rebecca, Higgs Carl, Roberts Rebecca, Pettit Christopher, Giles-Corti Billie
Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Centre for the Built Environment and Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Health Place. 2017 Jan;43:17-24. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.11.003. Epub 2016 Nov 25.
Adequate and affordable housing is a major social determinant of health; yet no work has attempted to conceptually map and spatially test area-level measures of housing with selected health and wellbeing outcomes. Sourcing data from 7,753 adults from Melbourne, Australia, we tested associations between area-level measures of housing density, tenure, and affordability with individual-level measures of neighbourhood safety, community satisfaction, and self-rated health. Compared with the reference groups, the odds of: feeling unsafe was higher for residents living in areas with less affordable housing; community dissatisfaction was ~30% higher in those living in areas with >36% residential properties assigned as rentals, and was significantly higher in the least affordable areas (OR =1.57). Compared with the reference groups, as dwelling density, proportion of rental properties, and housing unaffordability increased, the odds of reporting poorer self-rated health increased; however these associations did not always reach statistical significance. This work highlights the benefits of evidenced-based planning spatial measures to support health and wellbeing.
充足且负担得起的住房是健康的一个主要社会决定因素；然而，尚未有研究尝试从概念上绘制并在空间上检验住房的区域层面指标与选定的健康和幸福结果之间的关系。我们从澳大利亚墨尔本的7753名成年人中获取数据，检验了住房密度、 tenure（此处可能有误，推测为“产权”之类意思）和可负担性的区域层面指标与邻里安全、社区满意度和自我评估健康的个体层面指标之间的关联。与参照组相比，住房可负担性较低地区的居民感到不安全的几率更高；居住在出租房产占比超过36%地区的居民社区不满情绪高出约30%，且在最不可负担地区显著更高（比值比=1.57）。与参照组相比，随着居住密度、出租房产比例和住房不可负担性增加，自我评估健康状况较差的几率增加；然而这些关联并不总是具有统计学意义。这项工作凸显了基于证据的规划空间措施对支持健康和幸福的益处。
