Noroozi Karimabad Mojgan, Khanamani Falahati-Pour Soudeh, Hassanshahi Gholamhossein
Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
Neuroimmunomodulation. 2016;23(4):197-208. doi: 10.1159/000449427. Epub 2016 Nov 29.
Both cellular and molecular components of the immune system are among the substantial factors involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Accumulating evidence confirms that chemokines, as the main members of the immune system, play key roles in the regulation of immune responses. Immune system genetic parameters are believed to influence the onset of immune system-related diseases. Regarding the significant role of the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis in cell differentiation and survival and homing of hematopoietic progenitors to the bone marrow and regulation of neuronal progenitor cell migration in the central nervous system (CNS), genetic factors can cause an increased expression of CXCL12 and induce a vigorous immune response against CNS antigens in MS patients. Previous studies have indicated that the expression of CXCL12 could be affected by its polymorphisms at position +801 at the region of the CXCL12 3'A genetic variation. Finally, CXCL12 seems to be involved in the cellular part of the events that take place in the CNS, and therefore it could be considered as a target in MS therapies. Thus, this review was aimed to describe the recent progress in understanding the role of CXCL12 in MS, with an emphasis on CXCL12 serum concentrations and its gene polymorphism at position +801.
免疫系统的细胞和分子成分都是参与多发性硬化症（MS）发病机制的重要因素。越来越多的证据证实，趋化因子作为免疫系统的主要成员，在免疫反应调节中发挥关键作用。免疫系统遗传参数被认为会影响免疫系统相关疾病的发病。鉴于CXCR4/CXCL12轴在细胞分化、存活以及造血祖细胞归巢至骨髓和调节中枢神经系统（CNS）中神经祖细胞迁移方面的重要作用，遗传因素可导致CXCL12表达增加，并在MS患者中引发针对CNS抗原的强烈免疫反应。先前的研究表明，CXCL12的表达可能受其在CXCL12 3'A基因变异区域+801位置的多态性影响。最后，CXCL12似乎参与了CNS中发生的事件的细胞部分，因此它可被视为MS治疗的一个靶点。因此，本综述旨在描述在理解CXCL12在MS中的作用方面的最新进展，重点是CXCL12血清浓度及其在+801位置的基因多态性。
