美国禁止使用手持电话与年轻驾驶员手持电话通话普及率之间的关联。
The association between handheld phone bans and the prevalence of handheld phone conversations among young drivers in the United States.
作者信息
Zhu Motao, Rudisill Toni M, Heeringa Steven, Swedler David, Redelmeier Donald A
机构信息
The Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH; Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus; Injury Control Research Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown.
Injury Control Research Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown.
出版信息
Ann Epidemiol. 2016 Dec;26(12):833-837.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.10.002. Epub 2016 Oct 27.
PURPOSE
Fourteen US states and the District of Columbia have banned handheld phone use for all drivers. We examined whether such legislation was associated with reduced handheld phone conversations among drivers aged younger than 25 years.
METHODS
Data from the 2008 to 2013 National Occupant Protection Use Survey were merged with states' legislation. The outcome was roadside-observed handheld phone conversation at stop signs or lights. Logistic regression was used.
RESULTS
A total of 32,784 young drivers were observed. Relative to drivers who were observed in states without a universal handheld phone ban, the adjusted odds ratio of phone conversation was 0.42 (95% confidence interval, 0.33-0.53) for drivers who were observed in states with bans. The relative reduction in phone conversation was 46% (23%, 61%) for laws that were effective less than 1 year, 55% (32%, 70%) for 1-2 years, 63% (51%, 72%) for 2 years or more, relative to no laws.
CONCLUSIONS
Universal handheld phone bans may be effective at reducing handheld phone use among young drivers.
目的
美国14个州和哥伦比亚特区已禁止所有司机使用手持电话。我们研究了此类立法是否与25岁以下司机手持电话通话减少有关。
方法
将2008年至2013年全国乘员保护使用调查的数据与各州的立法相结合。结果是在停车标志或信号灯处路边观察到的手持电话通话情况。使用逻辑回归分析。
结果
共观察到32784名年轻司机。与在未全面禁止使用手持电话的州观察到的司机相比，在有禁令的州观察到的司机进行电话交谈的调整优势比为0.42（95%置信区间，0.33 - 0.53）。与没有法律规定相比，实施不到1年的法律使电话交谈相对减少46%（23%，61%），实施1至2年的法律使电话交谈相对减少55%（32%，70%），实施2年或更长时间的法律使电话交谈相对减少63%（51%，72%）。
结论
全面禁止使用手持电话可能有效减少年轻司机使用手持电话的情况。
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