Ogden Ruth, Makin Alexis D J, Palumbo Letizia, Bertamini Marco
School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, UK.
Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK.
Iperception. 2016 Nov 16;7(6):2041669516676824. doi: 10.1177/2041669516676824. eCollection 2016 Nov-Dec.
Previous research has shown that explicit emotional content or physical image properties (e.g., luminance, size, and numerosity) alter subjective duration. Palumbo recently demonstrated that the presence or absence of abstract reflectional symmetry also influenced subjective duration. Here, we explored this phenomenon further by varying the type of symmetry (reflection or rotation) and the objective duration of stimulus presentation (less or more than 1 second). Experiment 1 used a verbal estimation task in which participants estimated the presentation duration of reflection, rotation symmetry, or random square-field patterns. Longer estimates were given for reflectional symmetry images than rotation or random, but only when the image was presented for less than 1 second. There was no difference between rotation and random. These findings were confirmed by a second experiment using a paired-comparison task. This temporal distortion could be because reflection has positive valence or because it is processed efficiently be the visual system. The mechanism remains to be determined. We are relatively sure, however, that reflectional patterns can increase subjective duration in the absence of explicit semantic content, and in the absence of changes in the size, luminance, or numerosity in the images.
先前的研究表明，明确的情感内容或物理图像属性（如亮度、大小和数量）会改变主观持续时间。帕隆博最近证明，抽象反射对称性的存在与否也会影响主观持续时间。在此，我们通过改变对称性类型（反射或旋转）以及刺激呈现的客观持续时间（少于或多于1秒）进一步探究了这一现象。实验1使用了言语估计任务，参与者估计反射、旋转对称或随机方形场图案的呈现持续时间。对于反射对称图像的估计时间比旋转或随机图像更长，但仅当图像呈现时间少于1秒时。旋转和随机图像之间没有差异。这些发现通过使用配对比较任务的第二个实验得到了证实。这种时间扭曲可能是因为反射具有正效价，或者是因为视觉系统能够高效地处理它。其机制仍有待确定。然而，我们相对确定的是，在没有明确语义内容、图像的大小、亮度或数量没有变化的情况下，反射图案可以增加主观持续时间。
