Kent Jacqueline C, Gardner Hazel, Geddes Donna T
School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia.
Nutrients. 2016 Nov 25;8(12):756. doi: 10.3390/nu8120756.
Breastmilk provides the ideal nutrition for the infant, and exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first 6 months. Adequate milk production by the mother is therefore critical, and early milk production has been shown to significantly affect milk production during established lactation. Previous studies indicate that milk production should reach the lower limit of normal for established lactation (440 mL per day) by day 11 after birth. We have used test-weighing of term infants before and after each breastfeed over 24 h to measure milk production in the first 4 weeks of lactation in mothers with and without perceived breastfeeding problems to provide information on how often milk production is inadequate. Between days 11 and 13, two-thirds of the mothers had a milk production of less than 440 mL per day, and between days 14 and 28, nearly one-third of the mothers had a milk production of less than 440 mL per day. The high frequency of inadequate milk production in early lactation and the consequence of suboptimal milk production in later lactation if left untreated suggest that objective measurement of milk production can identify mothers and infants at risk and support early intervention by a lactation specialist.
母乳为婴儿提供了理想的营养，因此建议在婴儿出生后的前6个月进行纯母乳喂养。母亲充足的乳汁分泌至关重要，而且已有研究表明，早期的乳汁分泌量会显著影响哺乳期稳定阶段的乳汁分泌。先前的研究表明，产后第11天时，乳汁分泌量应达到哺乳期稳定阶段正常下限（每天440毫升）。我们通过对足月儿在24小时内每次母乳喂养前后进行称重测试，来测量有或没有母乳喂养问题的母亲在哺乳期前4周的乳汁分泌量，以了解乳汁分泌不足的情况有多常见。在第11天至13天期间，三分之二的母亲每天的乳汁分泌量不足440毫升，在第14天至28天期间，近三分之一的母亲每天的乳汁分泌量不足440毫升。哺乳期早期乳汁分泌不足的情况很常见，若不加以治疗，后期乳汁分泌量未达最佳水平会产生相应后果，这表明对乳汁分泌量进行客观测量能够识别有风险的母亲和婴儿，并支持哺乳专家进行早期干预。
