Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Patras, 2 G. Seferi St., 30100 Agrinio, Greece.
Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Analysis, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos St., 11855 Athens, Greece.
Nutrients. 2024 Jul 6;16(13):2157. doi: 10.3390/nu16132157.
Ensuring adequate hydration is critical for breastfeeding women, yet their water consumption patterns and hydration status is poorly understood. This study investigates the water consumption patterns and estimated water balance among women, practicing exclusive, mixed, and no breastfeeding methods.
529 healthy women completed the Nursing Water Balanced Questionnaire (N-WBQ). Participants were distributed across breastfeeding groups as follows: exclusive (39.7%), mixed (31.9%), and no breastfeeding (28.4%).
Significant differences were noted in water consumption patterns among breastfeeding groups regarding intake from beverages ( < 0.001), juices ( = 0.019), coffee ( < 0.001), and milk ( = 0.015). Water intake from liquids, except for drinking water ( < 0.001), juices ( = 0.024) and coffee ( < 0.001) differed significantly among groups in women with adequate total water intake based on recommendation, with exclusive breastfeeding mothers prioritizing plain water over other beverages. Total water loss ( < 0.001) and estimated water balance ( < 0.001) significantly varied among breastfeeding groups, with exclusive breastfeeding mothers to exhibit the lowest water balance (-475.36 mL/day), indicating potential dehydration risk. Apart from plain water, water from foods, coffee and milk significantly contributed to positive water balance.
Our findings highlight a risk of dehydration in this population, while water consumption patterns are influenced by breastfeeding method, likely affected by varying lactational demands and lifestyle factors. Further research to develop more accurate and individualized methods for assessing water balance in breastfeeding women is needed.
确保充足的水分摄入对哺乳期妇女至关重要，但她们的水分摄入模式和水合状态却知之甚少。本研究调查了采用纯母乳喂养、混合喂养和不母乳喂养方式的女性的水分摄入模式和估计的水分平衡。
529 名健康女性完成了母乳喂养水分平衡问卷（N-WBQ）。参与者按母乳喂养分组如下：纯母乳喂养（39.7%）、混合喂养（31.9%）和不母乳喂养（28.4%）。
在水分摄入模式方面，不同母乳喂养组之间存在显著差异，包括饮料（<0.001）、果汁（=0.019）、咖啡（<0.001）和牛奶（=0.015）的摄入。在总水分摄入量充足的情况下，基于推荐量，除饮用水（<0.001）、果汁（=0.024）和咖啡（<0.001）外，各组之间液体的水分摄入存在显著差异，纯母乳喂养母亲优先选择白开水而非其他饮料。总水分流失（<0.001）和估计的水分平衡（<0.001）在母乳喂养组之间存在显著差异，纯母乳喂养母亲的水分平衡最低（-475.36 毫升/天），表明存在潜在的脱水风险。除了白开水，食物、咖啡和牛奶中的水分也显著有助于保持水分平衡。
我们的研究结果强调了该人群存在脱水风险，而水分摄入模式受到母乳喂养方式的影响，可能受到不同哺乳需求和生活方式因素的影响。需要进一步研究以开发更准确和个体化的方法来评估哺乳期妇女的水分平衡。
