Briceño Olivia, Pinto-Cardoso Sandra, Rodríguez-Bernabe Nataly, Murakami-Ogasawara Akio, Reyes-Terán Gustavo
Departamento de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ciudad de México, México.
PLoS One. 2016 Nov 29;11(11):e0166496. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166496. eCollection 2016.
The depletion of mucosal CD4+ T-cells occurs early in HIV infection and despite years on antiretroviral treatment (ART), this population never reconstitutes to pre-HIV infection levels. In an effort to understand the effect of ART initiation and different ART regimens on the reconstitution of mucosal T cells within the gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), we quantified the frequency of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing the gut homing receptors CCR9 and β7 in peripheral blood (PB) of HIV infected individuals naive to ART and treated individuals on both short-term (less than a year) and long-term ART (more than 2 years). We found that the gut homing CD4+ T cells were depleted in ART-naive individuals and increased after ART initiation but levels were not comparable to HIV uninfected individuals. Gut homing CD4+ T cell activation decreased after ART initiation whilst gut homing CD8+ T cell activation remained elevated in ART experienced individuals, especially in those individuals taking protease inhibitors. Our findings provide new insights into the effects of ART initiation and ART regimens on the frequency and immune status of gut homing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
黏膜CD4+ T细胞的耗竭在HIV感染早期就会出现，并且尽管接受了多年的抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART），这一细胞群体从未恢复到HIV感染前的水平。为了了解开始ART治疗以及不同的ART方案对肠道相关淋巴组织（GALT）内黏膜T细胞重建的影响，我们对初治的HIV感染者以及接受短期（少于一年）和长期ART治疗（超过两年）的患者外周血（PB）中表达肠道归巢受体CCR9和β7的CD4+和CD8+ T细胞频率进行了量化。我们发现，初治个体中肠道归巢CD4+ T细胞减少，开始ART治疗后增加，但水平仍无法与未感染HIV的个体相比。开始ART治疗后，肠道归巢CD4+ T细胞的活化减少，而在接受过ART治疗的个体中，尤其是那些服用蛋白酶抑制剂的个体，肠道归巢CD8+ T细胞的活化仍然升高。我们的研究结果为开始ART治疗和ART方案对肠道归巢CD4+和CD8+ T细胞频率及免疫状态的影响提供了新的见解。
