Baiget Ernest, Peña Javier, Borràs Xantal, Caparrós Toni, López José L, Marin Francesc, Coma Jordi, Comerma Eduard
Sport Performance Analysis Research Group, University of Vic, Barcelona, Spain -
Sport Performance Analysis Research Group, University of Vic, Barcelona, Spain.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2018 Jan-Feb;58(1-2):43-49. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.16.06792-X. Epub 2016 Nov 30.
The aims of this study were to examine the effects of a trail mountain race (TMR) on hydration status and neuromuscular performance of recreational trail runners, and to determine the relationship among these parameters, subject's characteristics and competitive performance.
Thirty-five male recreational trail runners (age 38.1±9.5 years; height 177.3±5.8 cm; body mass 73.8±8.4 kg) were assessed before and after a 21.1-km TMR. Hydration status (urine color [Ucol] and body mass [BM]) and neuromuscular performance (countermovement jump [CMJ] and rebound jumps [RJ]) were assessed.
Significant changes following the TMR included RJ mean contact time (RJMCT) (12%, ES=-0.35, P<0.05) and dehydration status increases (BM reductions -2.7%, ES=0.24, P<0.001; Ucol: 147% increase, ES=-1.8, P<0.001). Low to moderate positive correlations were found between pre- and post-TMR BM (r=0.5-0.54; P<0.01), post-race Ucol (r=0.37; P<0.05), age (r=0.57; P<0.01) and TMR performance. Participants' age combined with Ucol and the RJMJH post-TMR, explained 65% of the variance in the final running time (r=0.81; P=0.000).
Participation in a 21.1-km TMR in recreational runners results in small reductions of the neuromuscular function and increases in dehydration levels. The hydration status (Ucol) and the RJMJH post-TMR combined with the runners' chronological age seemed to be good predictors of the final running performance.
本研究的目的是检验山地越野赛（TMR）对业余山地跑步者水合状态和神经肌肉性能的影响，并确定这些参数、受试者特征与比赛成绩之间的关系。
对35名男性业余山地跑步者（年龄38.1±9.5岁；身高177.3±5.8厘米；体重73.8±8.4千克）在21.1千米山地越野赛前和赛后进行评估。评估水合状态（尿色[Ucol]和体重[BM]）以及神经肌肉性能（反向纵跳[CMJ]和反弹跳[RJ]）。
山地越野赛后的显著变化包括反弹跳平均接触时间（RJMCT）（12%，效应量=-0.35，P<0.05）和脱水状态增加（体重减轻-2.7%，效应量=0.24，P<0.001；尿色：增加147%，效应量=-1.8，P<0.001）。赛前和赛后体重（r=0.5-0.54；P<0.01）、赛后尿色（r=0.37；P<0.05）、年龄（r=0.57；P<0.01）与山地越野赛成绩之间存在低到中度的正相关。受试者的年龄与赛后尿色和反弹跳最大高度（RJMJH）相结合，解释了最终跑步时间65%的变异（r=0.81；P=0.000）。
业余跑步者参加21.1千米的山地越野赛会导致神经肌肉功能略有下降和脱水水平升高。水合状态（尿色）和赛后反弹跳最大高度与跑步者的实际年龄相结合似乎是最终跑步成绩的良好预测指标。
