ENFYRED Research Group, Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 22001 Huesca, Spain.
Department of Corporal Expression, Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 22001 Huesca, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 12;18(10):5119. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18105119.
The status of trail running races has exponentially grown in recent years. The present study aimed to: (a) evaluate the acute response of ultratrail racing in terms of neuromuscular function, muscle damage and hydration status; (b) analyze if responses could differ according to training levels. Twenty runners participated in the present study. The participants were divided into amateur training level ( = 10; 43.30 ± 4.52 years) or high level competitors ( = 10; 41.40 ± 6.18). Neuromuscular response (squat jump, countermovement jump and Abalakov jump), muscle damage (alanine aminotransferase, bilirubin, creatine kinase and leukocytes) and hydration status (sodium and creatinine) were evaluated before and after the Guara Somontano Ultratrail Race (108 km distance, with an accumulated slope of 5800 m). The height and power achieved by vertical jumps were lower after the race ( < 0.001). The post-race muscle damage and creatinine parameters increased in both groups ( < 0.001). The high-level group obtained lower percentages of change in squat jump and countermovement jump than the amateur-level group ( < 0.05). However, the increase in creatinine was greater for the high-level group ( < 0.05). Ultratrail racing reduces neuromuscular function and increases muscle damage. High-level runners showed less neuromuscular fatigue compared to amateur ones.
近年来，越野跑比赛的数量呈指数级增长。本研究旨在：(a)评估超长距离跑步比赛中神经肌肉功能、肌肉损伤和水合状态的急性反应；(b)分析训练水平是否会影响反应。20 名跑步者参与了本研究。参与者分为业余训练水平组（ = 10；43.30 ± 4.52 岁）或高水平竞技组（ = 10；41.40 ± 6.18 岁）。在瓜拉索蒙塔诺超长距离越野赛（距离 108 公里，累计坡度 5800 米）前后评估了神经肌肉反应（深蹲跳、反跳和阿巴拉克跳）、肌肉损伤（丙氨酸氨基转移酶、胆红素、肌酸激酶和白细胞）和水合状态（钠和肌酐）。比赛后垂直跳跃的高度和力量降低（ < 0.001）。两组赛后肌肉损伤和肌酐参数均升高（ < 0.001）。高水平组深蹲跳和反跳的变化百分比低于业余组（ < 0.05）。然而，高水平组的肌酐增加幅度更大（ < 0.05）。超长距离跑步比赛会降低神经肌肉功能并增加肌肉损伤。高水平跑者的神经肌肉疲劳程度低于业余跑者。
