Shen S W, Lu Y, Qi H J, Yang C J, Wang Y P, Li F, Shui K D, Shen Z H
*Department of Endocrinology, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China.
Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi. 2016 Oct 24;44(10):885-890. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2016.10.011.
To observe the prevalence and distribution of ideal cardiovascular health metrics in middle-aged men living in Su-Xi-Chang region and explore the relationship between health behavior and health factors. A total of 27 824 middle-aged men, who took part in health examination in the Center for Healthcare Management, Taihu Rehabilitation Hospital of Jiangsu Province from January 2014 to June 2015, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The ideal cardiovascular health metrics were defined by the American Heart Association criteria with minor modification in that the amount of vegetable intake was replaced by salt intake. The prevalence and distribution of ideal cardiovascular health metrics as well as the association between ideal cardiovascular health metrics and health factors were analyzed in this cohort. The body mass index in the whole cohort was (25.1±3.0) kg/m waist circumference was (87.3±8.42) cm; the percent of subjects with all seven ideal cardiovascular health metrics was only 0.5% (=133). The highest proportion of ideal metric was total cholesterol (68.5%, =19 056), followed by fasting glucose (66.9%, =18 616), body mass index (50.2%, =13 963), physical exercise (45.6%, =12 697), smoking (40.3%, =11 216), blood pressure (22.5%, =6 257) and salt intake (15.6%, =4 351). The proportion of ideal cardiovascular health metrics reduced gradually and the proportion of poor cardiovascular health metrics status increased gradually with aging(χ=106.746, =0.000). The total cholesterol level of non-smokers was significantly lower than that of smokers(=8.571, =0.000); total cholesterol, blood pressure and fasting glucose levels increased in proportion with increasing body mass index(all <0.01); total cholesterol and fasting blood glucose of subjects with regular active physical exercise were significantly lower than those with inactive physical exercise(all <0.01); total cholesterol and blood pressure of subjects with high salt intake were significantly higher than those with low salt intake(all <0.01). The proportion of subjects with ideal cardiovascular health metrics is very low in middle-aged men living in Su-Xi-Chang region, and the downtrend with poor cardiovascular health metrics increases with aging. Overweight or obese, smoking, high salt diet and poor control of blood pressure are the major cardiovascular risk factors in this cohort.
观察苏锡常地区中年男性理想心血管健康指标的患病率及分布情况，并探讨健康行为与健康因素之间的关系。本横断面研究纳入了2014年1月至2015年6月在江苏省太湖康复医院健康管理中心参加健康体检的27824名中年男性。理想心血管健康指标依据美国心脏协会标准进行定义，并稍作修改，即将蔬菜摄入量替换为盐摄入量。分析了该队列中理想心血管健康指标的患病率及分布情况，以及理想心血管健康指标与健康因素之间的关联。整个队列的体重指数为（25.1±3.0）kg/m²，腰围为（87.3±8.42）cm；具备全部七项理想心血管健康指标的受试者比例仅为0.5%（n = 133）。理想指标比例最高的是总胆固醇（68.5%，n = 19056），其次是空腹血糖（66.9%，n = 18616）、体重指数（50.2%，n = 13963）、体育锻炼（45.6%，n = 12697）、吸烟（40.3%，n = 11216）、血压（22.5%，n = 6257）和盐摄入量（15.6%，n = 4351）。随着年龄增长，理想心血管健康指标的比例逐渐降低，心血管健康指标不佳的比例逐渐升高（χ² = 106.746，P = 0.000）。非吸烟者的总胆固醇水平显著低于吸烟者（t = 8.571，P = 0.000）；总胆固醇、血压和空腹血糖水平随体重指数增加而升高（均P < 0.01）；经常进行体育锻炼的受试者的总胆固醇和空腹血糖显著低于不进行体育锻炼的受试者（均P < 0.01）；高盐摄入受试者的总胆固醇和血压显著高于低盐摄入受试者（均P < 0.01）。生活在苏锡常地区的中年男性中，具备理想心血管健康指标的受试者比例非常低，且心血管健康指标不佳的下降趋势随年龄增长而增加。超重或肥胖、吸烟、高盐饮食和血压控制不佳是该队列中的主要心血管危险因素。
