Trnka L, Danková D
Cas Lek Cesk. 1989 Jun 28;128(26):809-13.
The authors evaluated control measures and their impact on the epidemiological situation of tuberculosis in the CSR in 1987. All data on patients are reported and supplemented in the central register of patients; they are processed continuously. Two thirds of patients with TB of the respiratory system confirmed by bacteriological examination were detected during examination made because of complaints. In 13.3% of the patients it took more than three months before the diagnosis was established. A key position, as regards early detection of unknown TB patients, is held by doctors of the primary health care. The majority of patients with respiratory TB was middle-aged or in higher age groups. 17.2% of all patients suffered from diabetes, 6.6% from peptic ulcers. About one fifth of the patients were described as non-cooperating or alcoholics. Treatment adhered to principles of rational chemotherapy, using short-term therapeutic regimes. Satisfactory results were obtained in 98% of the patients. In 1987 a total of 2196 new cases of TB and relapses of TB of all localizations were reported, i.e. by 16% less than in 1986. Tuberculosis of the respiratory organs was recorded in 81% (1768) of the patients, extrapulmonary TB in 19% (428). The incidence of respiratory TB was 17/100,000 and the incidence of bacteriologically confirmed cases 11.8/100,000. Bacteriologically confirmed cases accounted for 69% of the incidence and cases with microscopically confirmed acid resistant rods in sputum for 48%.
作者评估了1987年捷克斯洛伐克社会主义共和国（CSR）的结核病控制措施及其对结核病流行状况的影响。所有患者的数据都在中央患者登记处报告并补充；这些数据会持续进行处理。通过细菌学检查确诊的三分之二呼吸系统结核病患者是在因症状就诊时被发现的。13.3%的患者在确诊前花费了三个多月的时间。在早期发现未知结核病患者方面，初级医疗保健医生起着关键作用。大多数呼吸道结核病患者为中年或老年群体。所有患者中有17.2%患有糖尿病，6.6%患有消化性溃疡。约五分之一的患者被描述为不配合治疗或酗酒者。治疗遵循合理化疗原则，采用短期治疗方案。98%的患者取得了满意的治疗效果。1987年，共报告了2196例所有部位的结核病新发病例和复发病例，即比1986年减少了16%。81%（1768例）的患者患有呼吸道器官结核病，19%（428例）患有肺外结核病。呼吸道结核病的发病率为17/10万，细菌学确诊病例的发病率为11.8/10万。细菌学确诊病例占发病率的69%，痰涂片显微镜检查确诊为抗酸杆菌的病例占48%。
