Trnka L, Hejdová E
Ustav plicních nemocí, Praha.
Cas Lek Cesk. 1993 Jun 28;132(13):401-5.
They authors present an interim report on the epidemiological situation of tuberculosis and the effectiveness of control measures as regards tuberculosis in the Czech Republic in 1991. The data are compared with previous years. The incidence of tuberculosis of all forms was 19.9/100,000 population, TB of the respiratory organs 16.2/100,000 and the incidence of bacteriologically confirmed respiratory TB 11.5/100,000 population. As compared with previous years, no statistically significant differences were found. Extrapulmonary TB accounted for less than 10% of the incidence, the position was similar also as regards mycobacterioses other than TB. The incidence of TB in children was 1.3/100,000 children under 15 years, after a transient increase in 1990 (microepidemic in gypsy children), a marked decline was recorded. The TB mortality rate was low (1.1/100,000 population), the prevalence to the date of Dec. 31 1991 was 21.7/100,000 population. On account of complaints 76% new cases were detected, the majority within 1 month, antituberculous treatment was effective, the mean period of treatment was reduced to less than 8 months. However, long in-patient treatment persists usually at the beginning of antituberculous treatment (3 months).
作者们给出了一份关于1991年捷克共和国结核病流行病学状况以及结核病控制措施有效性的中期报告。这些数据与前几年的数据进行了比较。所有类型结核病的发病率为每10万人口19.9例，呼吸道器官结核病为每10万人口16.2例，细菌学确诊的呼吸道结核病发病率为每10万人口11.5例。与前几年相比，未发现有统计学意义的差异。肺外结核病占发病率的比例不到10%，除结核病外的分枝杆菌病情况也类似。15岁以下儿童的结核病发病率为每10万名儿童1.3例，在1990年短暂上升（吉普赛儿童中的小流行）之后，出现了显著下降。结核病死亡率较低（每10万人口1.1例），截至1991年12月31日的患病率为每10万人口21.7例。因出现症状而发现的新病例占76%，大多数在1个月内被发现，抗结核治疗有效，平均治疗期缩短至不到8个月。然而，抗结核治疗开始时通常仍有较长时间的住院治疗（3个月）。
