Uppsala University, Sweden.
Sundsvall Hospital, Sweden.
J Interpers Violence. 2020 Jan;35(1-2):77-99. doi: 10.1177/0886260516681878. Epub 2016 Dec 5.
Youth is a period in life when the risk of violence victimization is high and association between victimization and ill health is well established. Youth rarely reveal violence victimization to health professionals if not directly asked but favor health professionals asking about victimization. The study's primary aim was to examine health outcomes in young women being routinely asked about violence victimization and offered subsequent support, compared with controls, at 12-month follow-up. Secondary aims were to examine to what extent routine inquiry altered the consultation and re-victimization rates during the study period. A randomized controlled intervention study was conducted at Swedish youth health centers. Participants assigned to the intervention group were asked structured questions about violence. Victimized participants received empowering strategies and were offered further counseling. Participants in the control group completed questionnaires about victimization after the visit. Both groups answered questions about sociodemographics and health, constructed from validated instruments. A questionnaire was administered to all participants 12 months after baseline. Of 1,445 eligible young women, 1,051 (73%) participated, with 54% of the participants completing the 12-month follow-up. Lifetime violence victimization was reported by 53% in the intervention group and 60% in the control group, ns. There were no significant differences in health outcomes, between baseline and 12-month follow-up, within either group or between groups. Re-victimization rates were 16% in the intervention group and 12% in the control group, ns. Of victimized young women in the intervention group, 14% wanted and received further counseling. Routine inquiry about violence victimization and empowering strategies were feasible within ordinary consultations at youth health centers but did not demonstrate improved health outcomes at 12-month follow-up compared with controls. Questions about violence led to a high degree of disclosure, and 14% of victimized young women in the intervention group received further counseling as a result.
青年时期是暴力受害风险较高的时期，而且受害与健康不良之间的关联已经得到充分证实。如果青年没有被直接询问，他们很少会向卫生专业人员透露自己遭受暴力的情况，但他们希望卫生专业人员询问他们是否遭受过暴力。该研究的主要目的是检查在常规询问暴力受害情况并在 12 个月随访时为受害青年提供后续支持的情况下，年轻女性的健康结果，与对照组进行比较。次要目的是检查在研究期间，常规询问在多大程度上改变了咨询和再次受害的比率。该研究采用瑞典青年保健中心的随机对照干预研究方法进行。被分配到干预组的参与者被问及关于暴力的结构化问题。受害的参与者收到了赋权策略，并获得了进一步的咨询。对照组的参与者在就诊后完成了关于受害的问卷调查。两组参与者均回答了从经过验证的工具中构建的关于社会人口统计学和健康的问题。所有参与者在基线后 12 个月进行了问卷调查。在符合条件的 1445 名年轻女性中，有 1051 名（73%）参加了研究，其中 54%的参与者完成了 12 个月的随访。在干预组中，有 53%的参与者报告了一生中曾遭受过暴力，在对照组中，有 60%的参与者报告了一生中曾遭受过暴力，无统计学差异。在两组内或两组之间，在基线和 12 个月随访时，健康结果均无显著差异。干预组的再次受害率为 16%，对照组为 12%，无统计学差异。在干预组中，有 14%的受害年轻女性表示希望并接受了进一步的咨询。在青年保健中心的普通咨询中，常规询问暴力受害情况和赋权策略是可行的，但与对照组相比，在 12 个月随访时并未显示出改善健康结果。关于暴力的问题导致了很高程度的披露，干预组中有 14%的受害年轻女性因此接受了进一步的咨询。
