Prezotto Leandro F, Perondini André L P, Hernández-Ortiz Vicente, Marino Celso L, Selivon Denise
Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Red de Interacciones Multitróficas, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.
Syst Appl Microbiol. 2017 Jan;40(1):59-67. doi: 10.1016/j.syapm.2016.11.002. Epub 2016 Nov 24.
Infection by Wolbachia was described previously in eleven species of Anastrepha fruit flies some of which are important pests of fruticulture. One such species is the nominal Anastrepha fraterculus, the South American fruit fly, which actually comprises a complex of cryptic species. The suggestions of using Wolbachia for the control of these pest species, make imperative a more precise characterization of the existing strains of the bacteria. In this study, population samples of the A. fraterculus complex from Brazil, Argentina, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Guatemala and Mexico were analyzed for Wolbachia infection. The bacteria were genotyped by the MLST and WSP Typing methodologies. All samples were infected with Wolbachia of supergroup "A". For each of the five MLST genes, unique as well as already known alleles were detected. Nineteen sequence types for the concatenated sequences of the five MLST genes, and twenty wsp alleles were found in the samples. Host-specific haplotypes, shared strains among distinct hosts, and more than one strain of Wolbachia were found in some population samples. Recombination among the MLST genes and intragenic recombination between wsp haplotypes was rare. Phylogenetic analysis showed a great similarity among the Wolbachia strains in the A. fraterculus complex. However, some strains of Wolbachia are found throughout the Neotropical Region and there are specific strains in determined geographical areas.
先前已报道过11种按实蝇属果蝇感染了沃尔巴克氏体，其中一些是果树栽培中的重要害虫。其中一个物种是指名的南美按实蝇（Anastrepha fraterculus），实际上它包含一个复合隐性种群。利用沃尔巴克氏体来控制这些害虫的建议，使得对该细菌现有菌株进行更精确的特征描述变得至关重要。在本研究中，对来自巴西、阿根廷、秘鲁、厄瓜多尔、哥伦比亚、危地马拉和墨西哥的南美按实蝇复合种群样本进行了沃尔巴克氏体感染分析。通过多位点序列分型（MLST）和表面蛋白基因（WSP）分型方法对细菌进行基因分型。所有样本均感染了“A”超群的沃尔巴克氏体。对于五个MLST基因中的每一个，都检测到了独特的以及已知的等位基因。在样本中发现了五个MLST基因串联序列的19种序列类型和20个wsp等位基因。在一些种群样本中发现了宿主特异性单倍型、不同宿主间共享的菌株以及不止一种沃尔巴克氏体菌株。MLST基因之间的重组以及wsp单倍型之间的基因内重组很少见。系统发育分析表明，南美按实蝇复合种群中的沃尔巴克氏体菌株之间具有高度相似性。然而，一些沃尔巴克氏体菌株分布在整个新热带地区，并且在特定地理区域存在特定菌株。
