Knobloch Marlen, Jessberger Sebastian
Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Faculty of Medicine and Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2017 Feb;42:45-52. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2016.11.006. Epub 2016 Dec 1.
The generation of neurons in the developing and adult mammalian brain by neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) depends on a tight control of NSPC activity and neuronal differentiation that is regulated by a plethora of intrinsic and extrinsic molecular cues. Besides well-studied morphogenic signaling pathways and transcriptional codes that govern the distinct developmental steps from the dividing NSPC to a functional neuron, a critical role of cellular metabolism to determine the functional properties of NSPCs and newborn neurons has been recently identified. Here, we review advances in our understanding of how metabolism affects NSPC behavior and subsequent neuronal differentiation and suggest how metabolism may serve as a common signal integrator to ensure life-long addition of new neurons in the mammalian brain.
在发育中和成年哺乳动物大脑中，神经干细胞/祖细胞（NSPCs）产生神经元依赖于对NSPC活性和神经元分化的严格控制，这一过程由大量内在和外在分子信号调控。除了已被充分研究的形态发生信号通路和转录编码（它们控制着从分裂的NSPC到功能性神经元的不同发育阶段），最近还发现细胞代谢在决定NSPCs和新生神经元功能特性方面起着关键作用。在这里，我们综述了我们对代谢如何影响NSPC行为及随后的神经元分化的理解进展，并提出代谢如何可能作为一个共同的信号整合器，以确保哺乳动物大脑终身添加新的神经元。
