Cardinale Marco, Whiteley Rodney, Hosny Ahmed Abdelrahman, Popovic Nebojsa
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2017 Aug;12(7):908-915. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2016-0314. Epub 2016 Dec 5.
Handball is an Olympic sport played indoors by 6 court players and 1 goalkeeper with rolling substitutions. Limited data exist on elite players competing in a world championship, and virtually no information exists on the evolution of time-motion performance over the course of a long tournament.
To analyze time-motion characteristics of elite male handball players of the last world championships, played in Qatar in 2015.
384 handball players from 24 national teams.
The athletes were analyzed during 88 matches using a tracking camera system and bespoke software (Prozone Handball v. 1.2, Prozone, Leeds, UK).
The average time on court (N = 2505) during the world championships for all players was 36:48 ± 20:27 min. Goalkeepers and left and right wings were on court most of the playing time (GK 43.00 ± 25:59 min; LW 42:02 ± 21:07 min; RW 43:44 ± 21:37 min). The total distance covered during each game (2607.5 ± 1438.4 m) consisted mostly of walking and jogging. The cumulative distance covered during the tournament was 16,313 ± 9423.3 m. Players performed 857.2 ± 445.7 activity changes with a recovery time of 124.3 ± 143 s. The average running pace was 78.2 ± 10.8 m/min. There was no significant difference between high-ranked and lower-ranked teams in terms of distance covered in different locomotion categories.
Specific physical conditioning is necessary to maximize performance of handball players and minimize the occurrence of fatigue when performing in long tournaments.
手球是一项奥运会室内运动，由6名场上球员和1名守门员进行比赛，可进行滚动换人。关于参加世界锦标赛的精英球员的数据有限，而且几乎没有关于在漫长比赛过程中时间-运动表现演变的信息。
分析2015年在卡塔尔举行的上一届世界锦标赛中精英男子手球运动员的时间-运动特征。
来自24个国家队的384名手球运动员。
使用跟踪摄像系统和定制软件（Prozone Handball v. 1.2，Prozone，英国利兹）在88场比赛中对运动员进行分析。
所有球员在世界锦标赛期间的平均上场时间（N = 2505）为36:48 ± 20:27分钟。守门员以及左右边锋上场时间最长（守门员43.00 ± 25:59分钟；左边锋42:02 ± 21:07分钟；右边锋43:44 ± 21:37分钟）。每场比赛的总跑动距离（2607.5 ± 1438.4米）主要由步行和慢跑组成。比赛期间的累计跑动距离为16,313 ± 9423.3米。球员进行了857.2 ± 445.7次活动转换，恢复时间为124.3 ± 143秒。平均跑步速度为78.2 ± 10.8米/分钟。在不同移动类别中的跑动距离方面，排名靠前和靠后的球队之间没有显著差异。
进行特定的体能训练对于最大限度地提高手球运动员的表现以及在漫长比赛中尽量减少疲劳的发生是必要的。
