Ialongo Cristiano
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Clin Biochem. 2017 Apr;50(6):356-363. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.11.037. Epub 2016 Dec 3.
The investigation of oxidative stress (OS), its mechanisms and connections with human diseases, is a topic of interest with more than 36,000 PubMed citations to date. The OS can be approached either from the perspective of pro-oxidation, either of anti-oxidation, and both can be investigated considering individual chemical constituents or their pooled effect. Actually, as it is for any laboratory assay, whatever source of variability introduces a bias potentially undermining the test results regardless of its application. In this regard, the effect of sample collection, handling and storage - that collectively constitute the preanalytical phase - on the likeliness of the measured value represent a major challenge for any researcher. In this review, we will deal with methods devised to assess the so-called total antioxidant capacity (TAC), which represents the sinking capability expressed toward a given load of pro-oxidant species. Thus, it will be presented the information available to date on the preanalytical phase of TAS assessment, focusing on the issues that strictly concern the preservation of antioxidants within the specimen. Obviously, preanalytic should represent a first concern in any laboratory research, to which this work could contribute giving practical indications and raising the researchers' awareness about the issue.
氧化应激（OS）及其机制以及与人类疾病的关联研究，是一个备受关注的话题，截至目前在PubMed上有超过36000条引用。可以从促氧化或抗氧化的角度来研究OS，并且可以考虑单个化学成分或它们的综合作用来对两者进行研究。实际上，就像任何实验室检测一样，无论何种变异性来源都会引入潜在偏差，无论其应用如何，都可能破坏检测结果。在这方面，样本采集、处理和储存（它们共同构成分析前阶段）对测量值可能性的影响，对任何研究人员来说都是一项重大挑战。在本综述中，我们将探讨为评估所谓的总抗氧化能力（TAC）而设计的方法，TAC代表对给定负荷的促氧化物质所表现出的清除能力。因此，将呈现目前关于TAC评估分析前阶段的可用信息，重点关注与样本中抗氧化剂保存密切相关的问题。显然，分析前阶段应该是任何实验室研究首先要关注的问题，这项工作可以为此提供实际指导并提高研究人员对该问题的认识。
