OSUR-UMR6118 Géosciences Rennes, Université de Rennes 1 and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique , Rennes, France.
University of Guelph , 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario Canada.
Environ Sci Technol. 2017 Jan 17;51(2):846-854. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03706. Epub 2016 Dec 28.
In the perspective of a temporal and spatial exploration of aquatic environments (surface and groundwater), we developed a technique for field continuous measurements of dissolved gases with a precision better than 1% for N, O, CO, He, Ar, 2% for Kr, 8% for Xe, and 3% for CH, NO and Ne. With a large resolution (from 1 × 10 to 1 × 10 ccSTP/g) and a capability of high frequency analysis (1 measure every 2 s), the CF-MIMS (Continuous Flow Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometer) is an innovative tool allowing the investigation of a large panel of hydrological and biogeochemical processes in aquatic systems. Based on the available MIMS technology, this study introduces the development of the CF-MIMS (conception for field experiments, membrane choices, ionization) and an original calibration procedure allowing the quantification of mass spectral overlaps and temperature effects on membrane permeability. This study also presents two field applications of the CF-MIMS involving the well-logging of dissolved gases and the implementation of groundwater tracer tests with dissolved He. The results demonstrate the analytical capabilities of the CF-MIMS in the field. Therefore, the CF-MIMS is a valuable tool for the field characterization of biogeochemical reactivity, aquifer transport properties, groundwater recharge, groundwater residence time and aquifer-river exchanges from few hours to several weeks experiments.
从水体（地表水和地下水）的时空调查角度出发，我们开发了一种技术，用于现场连续测量溶解气体，其对 N、O、CO、He、Ar 的精度优于 1%，对 Kr 的精度优于 2%，对 Xe 的精度优于 8%，对 CH、NO 和 Ne 的精度优于 3%。CF-MIMS（连续流动膜进样质谱仪）具有较大的分辨率（从 1×10 到 1×10 ccSTP/g）和高频分析能力（每 2 秒测量一次），是一种创新工具，可用于研究水生系统中大量的水文和生物地球化学过程。基于现有的 MIMS 技术，本研究介绍了 CF-MIMS（野外实验设计、膜选择、离子化）的开发以及一种原始的校准程序，该程序允许定量分析质谱重叠和温度对膜渗透性的影响。本研究还介绍了 CF-MIMS 的两个野外应用，涉及溶解气体的测井和用溶解 He 进行地下水示踪试验。结果表明，CF-MIMS 在野外具有分析能力。因此，CF-MIMS 是一种用于从数小时到数周实验现场描述生物地球化学反应性、含水层传输特性、地下水补给、地下水停留时间和含水层-河流交换的有价值的工具。
