Weiss A H, Biersdorf W R
University of South Florida Medical Center, College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Tampa 33612.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 1989 Sep-Oct;26(5):218-23. doi: 10.3928/0191-3913-19890901-04.
Blue cone monochromatism (BCM) is a subtype of achromatopsia in which the blue cone mechanism predominates. Each of the four patients in this study had BCM proven by their having peak spectral sensitivities in the blue region of the visible spectrum (near 440 nm). Clinically, the diagnosis was suspected because of x-linked inheritance, the presence of acuities better than 20/200 in two patients and myopia ranging from -1.75 to -15.00 diopters in three patients. Congenital nystagmus was the presenting sign in three of the four patients. Examination of the fundi was uniformly normal. The distinctive spectral properties of BCM were demonstrated by the American Optical H-R-R and the Panel D-15 tests. All affected patients correctly identified three of the four blue-yellow plates and a variable number of the red-green plates in the American Optical H-R-R test. The study patients consistently made errors oriented along the protan and deutan axes but they made none along the tritan axis. The authors conclude that the results of these two color discrimination tests are useful in diagnosing BCM.
蓝锥单色视（BCM）是全色盲的一种亚型，其中蓝锥细胞机制占主导地位。本研究中的四名患者均经证实患有BCM，其峰值光谱敏感度位于可见光谱的蓝色区域（接近440纳米）。临床上，由于X连锁遗传、两名患者视力优于20/200以及三名患者近视度数在-1.75至-15.00屈光度之间，故而怀疑患有此病。四名患者中有三名以先天性眼球震颤为首发症状。眼底检查均正常。美国光学H-R-R和Panel D-15测试证实了BCM独特的光谱特性。在美式光学H-R-R测试中，所有受影响患者均能正确识别四张蓝黄视标板中的三张以及数量不等的红绿视标板。研究中的患者在沿红色弱和绿色弱轴方向始终出现错误，但在沿蓝色弱轴方向未出现错误。作者得出结论，这两种颜色辨别测试的结果有助于诊断BCM。
