Cutrona C E
University of Iowa.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989 Oct;57(4):723-30. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.57.4.723.
It has been suggested that the personality of the individual influences appraisal processes that determine ratings of both social support and mental health, thus leading to an association between these variables that reflects only their shared self-report bias. To test whether ratings of social support made by someone other than the target individual would significantly predict outcomes, 115 pregnant adolescent girls and 115 adults who knew the adolescents well both completed ratings of the adolescent's social support. Results showed a moderate level of agreement between adolescent and informant support ratings. Both self-report and informant total social support ratings predicted pregnancy depression scores. Only informant social support ratings were significant predictors of postpartum depression scores. The ability of informants' ratings of social support to predict the adjustment of the adolescents to a major life stress was viewed as evidence that the commonly found link between social support and mental health reflects more than self-report biases.
有人提出，个体的人格会影响评估过程，而这些评估过程决定了社会支持和心理健康的评级，从而导致这些变量之间的关联，而这种关联仅反映了它们共同的自我报告偏差。为了测试目标个体以外的人对社会支持的评级是否能显著预测结果，115名怀孕的青少年女孩和115名非常了解这些青少年的成年人都完成了对青少年社会支持的评级。结果显示，青少年与提供信息者的支持评级之间存在中等程度的一致性。自我报告和提供信息者的总社会支持评级都能预测孕期抑郁得分。只有提供信息者的社会支持评级是产后抑郁得分的显著预测因素。提供信息者对社会支持的评级能够预测青少年对重大生活压力的适应情况，这一能力被视为证据，表明社会支持与心理健康之间常见的联系所反映的不仅仅是自我报告偏差。
