Garraud Olivier, Tariket S, Sut C, Haddad A, Aloui C, Chakroun T, Laradi S, Cognasse F
Faculty of Medicine of Saint-Etienne, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France; Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.
Faculty of Medicine of Saint-Etienne, University of Lyon , Saint-Etienne , France.
Front Immunol. 2016 Nov 29;7:534. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00534. eCollection 2016.
Transfusion of blood cell components is frequent in the therapeutic arsenal; it is globally safe or even very safe. At present, residual clinical manifestations are principally inflammatory in nature. If some rare clinical hazards manifest as acute inflammation symptoms of various origin, most of them linked with conflicting and undesirable biological material accompanying the therapeutic component (infectious pathogen, pathogenic antibody, unwanted antigen, or allergen), the general feature is subtler and less visible, and essentially consists of alloimmunization or febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction. The present essay aims to present updates in hematology and immunology that help understand how, when, and why subclinical inflammation underlies alloimmunization and circumstances characteristic of red blood cells and - even more frequently - platelets that contribute inflammatory mediators. Modern transfusion medicine makes sustained efforts to limit such inflammatory hazards; efforts can be successful only if one has a clear view of each element's role.
血细胞成分输血在治疗手段中很常见；总体来说是安全的，甚至非常安全。目前，残留的临床表现主要是炎症性的。如果一些罕见的临床风险表现为各种原因引起的急性炎症症状，其中大多数与治疗成分伴随的矛盾且不良的生物物质（感染性病原体、致病抗体、不需要的抗原或过敏原）有关，那么一般特征则更为隐匿且不那么明显，主要包括同种免疫或发热性非溶血性输血反应。本文旨在介绍血液学和免疫学的最新进展，以帮助理解亚临床炎症如何、何时以及为何是同种免疫的基础，以及红细胞尤其是血小板产生炎症介质的情况特点。现代输血医学一直在持续努力限制此类炎症风险；只有清楚了解每个因素的作用，这些努力才可能成功。
