艾滋病自我管理的促进因素与障碍：中国艾滋病病毒阳性女性的观点
Facilitators of and barriers to HIV self-management: Perspectives of HIV-positive women in China.
作者信息
Wang Kerong, Chen Wei-Ti, Zhang Lin, Bao MeiJuan, Zhao Hongxin, Lu Hongzhou
机构信息
HIV/AIDS Unit, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
School of Nursing, Yale University, Orange, CT 06477, USA.
出版信息
Appl Nurs Res. 2016 Nov;32:91-97. doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2016.06.004. Epub 2016 Jun 13.
AIMS
The aim is to explore perceived facilitators of and barriers to HIV self-management for HIV-positive Chinese women.
BACKGROUND
Little is known about self-management among HIV-positive Chinese women in China. Understanding the experiences of this population is needed to promote self-management.
METHODS
27 in-depth interviews were conducted in Beijing and Shanghai. Facilitators included families being supportive after disclosure, patients learning how to live with HIV, antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, and rediscovering the meaning of life. Several barriers were also identified, including lack of support, stigma, fatigue, and financial difficulty.
RESULTS
HIV disclosure is essential to obtaining necessary support. Ironically, disclosing to family members who stigmatize the disease may invite unwelcome responses. Helping HIV-positive women to decrease self-stigma and develop an effective way to disclose, if they choose to, is important.
CONCLUSION
Future interventions should focus on disclosure strategies development and self-management to prevent isolation, enhance social support, and decrease self-stigma.
目的
旨在探索中国HIV阳性女性在自我管理艾滋病方面所察觉到的促进因素和障碍。
背景
在中国，对于HIV阳性的中国女性的自我管理了解甚少。为了促进自我管理，需要了解这一人群的经历。
方法
在北京和上海进行了27次深度访谈。促进因素包括公开病情后家人给予支持、患者学会如何与艾滋病共存、抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）的依从性以及重新发现生活的意义。还确定了几个障碍，包括缺乏支持、耻辱感、疲劳和经济困难。
结果
公开艾滋病病情对于获得必要的支持至关重要。具有讽刺意味的是，向那些歧视这种疾病的家庭成员公开病情可能会招致不受欢迎的反应。帮助HIV阳性女性减少自我耻辱感，并在她们选择公开病情时制定一种有效的公开方式，这很重要。
结论
未来的干预措施应侧重于制定公开策略和自我管理，以防止孤立、增强社会支持并减少自我耻辱感。
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