Ali Engy, Ferir Marie-Christine, Reid Tony, Gray Henry, Van Den Boogaard Wilma, Gonzales Christopher, Zachariah Rony
1Médecins Sans Frontières - Operational Centre Brussels,Medical Department,Operational Research Unit (LuxOR),Luxembourg City,Luxembourg.
2Médecins Sans Frontières - Operational Centre Brussels,Medical Department,Emergency Unit,Brussels,Belgium.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2017 Jun;11(3):285-289. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2016.135. Epub 2016 Dec 15.
Typhoon Haiyan hit the Philippines in November 2013 and left a trail of destruction. As part of its emergency response, Médecins Sans Frontières distributed materials for reconstructing houses and boats as standardized kits to be shared between households. Community engagement was sought and communities were empowered in deciding how to make the distributions. We aimed to answer, Was this effective and what lessons were learned?
A cross-sectional survey using a semi-structured questionnaire was conducted in May 2014 and included all community leaders and 269 households in 22 barangays (community administrative areas).
All houses were affected by the typhoon, of which 182 (68%) were totally damaged. All households reported having received and used the housing material. However, in 238 (88%) house repair was incomplete because the materials provided were insufficient or inappropriate for the required repairs.
This experience of emergency mass distribution of reconstruction or repair materials of houses and boats led by the local community was encouraging. The use of "standardized kits" resulted in equity issues, because households were subjected to variable degrees of damage. A possible way out is to follow up the emergency distribution with a needs assessment and a tailored distribution. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:285-289).
2013年11月台风“海燕”袭击菲律宾，造成一片破坏景象。作为应急响应的一部分，无国界医生组织分发用于重建房屋和船只的材料，以标准化套件的形式供家庭共享。寻求社区参与，并让社区有能力决定如何进行分发。我们旨在回答，这是否有效以及吸取了哪些教训？
2014年5月采用半结构化问卷进行了横断面调查，调查对象包括所有社区领袖以及22个巴朗盖（社区行政区）的269户家庭。
所有房屋都受到台风影响，其中182间（68%）完全受损。所有家庭都报告收到并使用了建房材料。然而，238间（88%）房屋的修复工作未完成，原因是提供的材料不足或不适用于所需的修复工作。
由当地社区主导的房屋和船只重建或修复材料紧急大规模分发的这种经验令人鼓舞。使用“标准化套件”引发了公平问题，因为各家庭遭受的破坏程度不同。一种可能的解决办法是在紧急分发之后进行需求评估并进行针对性分发。（《灾难医学与公共卫生防范》。2017年；11：285 - 289）
