Stamper Brandon, Gul Waseem, Godfrey Murrell, Gul Shahbaz W, ElSohly Mahmoud A
ElSohly Laboratories, Inc., 5 Industrial Park Drive, Oxford, MS 38655, USA.
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
J Anal Toxicol. 2017 Apr 1;41(3):205-213. doi: 10.1093/jat/bkw122.
Continuing our studies for the analyses of drugs of abuse in municipal wastewater, a method was developed for the analysis of benzodiazepines in wastewater samples using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). Ten benzodiazepines and metabolites were analyzed (structures were found), including alprazolam, α-OH-alprazolam (the primary urinary metabolite of alprazolam), chlordiazepoxide, flurazepam, 2-OH-ethylflurazepam (the primary urinary metabolite of flurazepam), 7-NH2-flunitrazepam, nordiazepam, oxazepam, temazepam and α-OH-triazolam (the primary urinary metabolite of triazolam) (representative chromatograms were found). These drugs were chosen because of their widespread abuse. Wastewater samples were collected at both the Oxford Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in Oxford, Mississippi (MS) and the University WWTP in University, MS. These wastewater samples were collected on weekends in which the Ole Miss Rebel football team held home games at the Vaught-Hemingway Stadium, University, and one weekend on which there was no game. The collected samples were analyzed using a validated method and found to contain alprazolam, α-OH-alprazolam, nordiazepam, oxazepam and temazepam. None of the samples contained chlordiazepoxide, flurazepam, 2-hydroxyethyl-flurazepam, 7-NH2-flunitrazepam and α-OH-triazolam.
在继续开展对城市污水中滥用药物的分析研究时，我们开发了一种利用液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS-MS）分析污水样本中苯二氮䓬类药物的方法。分析了10种苯二氮䓬类药物及其代谢物（确定了结构），包括阿普唑仑、α-羟基阿普唑仑（阿普唑仑的主要尿液代谢物）、氯氮卓、氟西泮、2-羟基乙基氟西泮（氟西泮的主要尿液代谢物）、7-氨基氟硝西泮、去甲西泮、奥沙西泮、替马西泮和α-羟基三唑仑（三唑仑的主要尿液代谢物）（发现了代表性色谱图）。选择这些药物是因为它们被广泛滥用。在密西西比州牛津市的牛津污水处理厂（WWTP）和密西西比州大学的大学污水处理厂采集了污水样本。这些污水样本是在密西西比大学叛逆者橄榄球队在大学的沃特-海明威体育场举行主场比赛的周末以及一个没有比赛的周末采集的。使用经过验证的方法对采集的样本进行分析，发现其中含有阿普唑仑、α-羟基阿普唑仑、去甲西泮、奥沙西泮和替马西泮。所有样本均未含有氯氮卓、氟西泮、2-羟乙基氟西泮、7-氨基氟硝西泮和α-羟基三唑仑。
