Schwartz Stephen G, Leffler Christopher T, Chavis Pamela S, Khan Faraaz, Bermudez Dennis, Flynn Harry W
Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Department of Ophthalmology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
Ophthalmol Eye Dis. 2016 Dec 11;8(Suppl 1):15-19. doi: 10.4137/OED.S40918. eCollection 2016.
Federico da Montefeltro (1422-1482), the Duke of Urbino, was a well-known historical figure during the Italian Renaissance. He is the subject of a famous painting by Piero della Francesca (1416-1492), which displays the Duke from the left and highlights his oddly shaped nose. The Duke is known to have lost his right eye due to an injury sustained during a jousting tournament, which is why the painting portrays him from the left. Some historians teach that the Duke subsequently underwent nasal surgery to remove tissue from the bridge of his nose in order to expand his visual field in an attempt to compensate for the lost eye. In theory, removal of a piece of the nose may have expanded the nasal visual field, especially the "eye motion visual field" that encompasses eye movements. In addition, removing part of the nose may have reduced some of the effects of ocular parallax. Finally, shifting of the visual egocenter may have occurred, although this seems likely unrelated to the proposed nasal surgery. Whether or not the Duke actually underwent the surgery cannot be proven, but it seems unlikely that this would have substantially improved his visual function.
乌尔比诺公爵费德里科·达·蒙特费尔特罗（1422 - 1482）是意大利文艺复兴时期的一位著名历史人物。他是皮耶罗·德拉·弗朗切斯卡（1416 - 1492）一幅名画的主角，这幅画从左侧描绘公爵，突出了他形状奇特的鼻子。众所周知，公爵在一场马上比武锦标赛中受伤失去了右眼，这就是为什么这幅画从左侧描绘他。一些历史学家认为，公爵随后接受了鼻部手术，从鼻梁处切除组织，以扩大视野，试图弥补失去的眼睛。理论上，切除一块鼻子可能扩大了鼻腔视野，尤其是包含眼球运动的“眼球运动视野”。此外，切除部分鼻子可能减少了一些视差的影响。最后，视觉自我中心可能发生了转移，尽管这似乎与所提议的鼻部手术无关。公爵是否真的接受了手术无法得到证实，但这似乎不太可能大幅改善他的视觉功能。
