Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, Ancona, Italy; Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, Italian National Research Center on Aging, INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy.
DIMES- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum, Via S. Giacomo, 12, Bologna, Italy; CIG, Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani", Alma Mater Studiorum, Pzza Porta S. Donato, 1, Bologna, Italy.
Mech Ageing Dev. 2017 Jul;165(Pt B):162-170. doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.12.004. Epub 2016 Dec 13.
Human aging is a lifelong process characterized by a continuous trade-off between pro-and anti-inflammatory responses, where the best-adapted and/or remodeled genetic/epigenetic profile may develop a longevity phenotype. Centenarians and their offspring represent such a phenotype and their comparison to patients with age-related diseases (ARDs) is expected to maximize the chance to unravel the genetic makeup that better associates with healthy aging trajectories. Seemingly, such comparison is expected to allow the discovery of new biomarkers of longevity together with risk factor for the most common ARDs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and their shuttles (extracellular vesicles in particular) are currently conceived as those endowed with the strongest ability to provide information about the trajectories of healthy and unhealthy aging. We review the available data on miRNAs in aging and underpin the evidence suggesting that circulating miRNAs (and cognate shuttles), especially those involved in the regulation of inflammation (inflamma-miRs) may constitute biomarkers capable of reliably depicting healthy and unhealthy aging trajectories.
人类衰老过程是一个终身的过程，其特征是促炎反应和抗炎反应之间的持续权衡，在这一过程中，最佳适应和/或重塑的遗传/表观遗传特征可能会发展出长寿表型。百岁老人及其后代代表了这种表型，将他们与与年龄相关的疾病（ARDs）患者进行比较，有望最大限度地发现与健康衰老轨迹更好相关的遗传构成。似乎，这种比较有望发现新的长寿生物标志物，以及最常见的 ARD 的风险因素。 microRNAs (miRNAs) 及其载体（特别是细胞外囊泡）目前被认为是提供有关健康和不健康衰老轨迹信息的最强能力的载体。我们回顾了关于衰老过程中 miRNAs 的现有数据，并提供了证据表明，循环 miRNAs（及其同源载体），特别是那些参与炎症调节的 miRNAs（inflamma-miRs），可能构成能够可靠描绘健康和不健康衰老轨迹的生物标志物。
