Zbili Mickael, Rama Sylvain, Debanne Dominique
UNIS, UMR_S 1072, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Aix-Marseille Université Marseille, France.
Front Cell Neurosci. 2016 Dec 5;10:278. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00278. eCollection 2016.
Action potentials (APs) in the mammalian brain are thought to represent the smallest unit of information transmitted by neurons to their postsynaptic targets. According to this view, neuronal signaling is all-or-none or digital. Increasing evidence suggests, however, that subthreshold changes in presynaptic membrane potential before triggering the spike also determines spike-evoked release of neurotransmitter. We discuss here how analog changes in presynaptic voltage may regulate spike-evoked release of neurotransmitter through the modulation of biophysical state of voltage-gated potassium, calcium and sodium channels in the presynaptic compartment. The contribution of this regulation has been greatly underestimated and we discuss the impact for information processing in neuronal circuits.
哺乳动物大脑中的动作电位（APs）被认为是神经元向其突触后靶点传递信息的最小单位。按照这种观点，神经元信号是全或无的，即数字式的。然而，越来越多的证据表明，在触发动作电位之前，突触前膜电位的阈下变化也决定了动作电位诱发的神经递质释放。我们在此讨论突触前电压的模拟变化如何通过调节突触前区电压门控钾、钙和钠通道的生物物理状态来调控动作电位诱发的神经递质释放。这种调节作用一直被大大低估，我们还将讨论其对神经回路信息处理的影响。
