Hamšíková Zuzana, Coipan Claudia, Mahríková Lenka, Minichová Lenka, Sprong Hein, Kazimírová Mária
Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84506, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Laboratory for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, National Institute for Public Health and Environment, 9 Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan, P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Microb Ecol. 2017 May;73(4):1000-1008. doi: 10.1007/s00248-016-0918-2. Epub 2016 Dec 19.
Borrelia miyamotoi causes relapsing fever in humans. The occurrence of this spirochete has been reported in Ixodes ricinus and wildlife, but there are still gaps in the knowledge of its eco-epidemiology and public health impact. In the current study, questing I. ricinus (nymphs and adults) and skin biopsies from rodents captured in Slovakia were screened for the presence of B. miyamotoi and Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. DNA. The prevalence of B. miyamotoi and B. burgdorferi s.l. in questing ticks was 1.7 and 16.9%, respectively. B. miyamotoi was detected in Apodemus flavicollis (9.3%) and Myodes glareolus (4.4%). In contrast, B. burgdorferi s.l. was identified in 11.9% of rodents, with the highest prevalence in Microtus arvalis (68.4%) and a lower prevalence in Apodemus spp. (8.4%) and M. glareolus (12.4%). Borrelia afzelii was the prevailing genospecies infecting questing I. ricinus (37.9%) and rodents (72.2%). Co-infections of B. miyamotoi and B. burgdorferi s.l. were found in 24.1 and 9.3% of the questing ticks and rodents, respectively, whereas the proportion of ticks and rodents co-infected with B. miyamotoi and B. afzelii was 6.9 and 7.0%, respectively. The results suggest that B. miyamotoi and B. afzelii share amplifying hosts. The sequences of the B. miyamotoi glpQ gene fragment from our study showed a high degree of identity with sequences of the gene amplified from ticks and human patients in Europe. The results seem to suggest that humans in Slovakia are at risk of contracting tick-borne relapsing fever, and in some cases together with Lyme borreliosis.
宫本疏螺旋体可引起人类复发性发热。这种螺旋体已在蓖麻硬蜱和野生动物中被报道，但在其生态流行病学和公共卫生影响方面的知识仍存在空白。在当前研究中，对斯洛伐克采集的蓖麻硬蜱（若虫和成虫）以及捕获的啮齿动物的皮肤活检样本进行了宫本疏螺旋体和伯氏疏螺旋体复合群DNA检测。在采集的蜱中，宫本疏螺旋体和伯氏疏螺旋体复合群的感染率分别为1.7%和16.9%。在黄颈姬鼠（9.3%）和林姬鼠（4.4%）中检测到了宫本疏螺旋体。相比之下，在11.9%的啮齿动物中鉴定出了伯氏疏螺旋体复合群，其中在田鼠中的感染率最高（68.4%），在姬鼠属（8.4%）和林姬鼠（12.4%）中的感染率较低。阿氏疏螺旋体是感染采集的蓖麻硬蜱（37.9%）和啮齿动物（72.2%）的主要基因种。分别在24.1%的采集蜱和9.3%的啮齿动物中发现了宫本疏螺旋体和伯氏疏螺旋体复合群的共同感染，而同时感染宫本疏螺旋体和阿氏疏螺旋体的蜱和啮齿动物的比例分别为6.9%和7.0%。结果表明，宫本疏螺旋体和阿氏疏螺旋体共享扩增宿主。我们研究中宫本疏螺旋体glpQ基因片段的序列与欧洲蜱和人类患者中扩增的该基因序列具有高度同一性。结果似乎表明，斯洛伐克的人类有感染蜱传复发性发热的风险，在某些情况下还会同时感染莱姆病。
