Sytykiewicz Hubert, Karbowiak Grzegorz, Chorostowska-Wynimko Joanna, Szpechciński Adam, Supergan-Marwicz Marta, Horbowicz Marcin, Szwed Magdalena, Czerniewicz Paweł, Sprawka Iwona
Acta Parasitol. 2015 Dec;60(4):654-61. doi: 10.1515/ap-2015-0093.
The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence and coinfection rates of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genotypes in Ixodes ricinus (L.) ticks sampled from diverse localities in central and eastern regions of Poland. In years 2009-2011, questing nymphs and adults of I. ricinus were collected using a flagging method at 18 localities representing distinct ecosystem types: urban green areas, suburban forests and rural woodlands. Molecular detection of B. burgdorferi s.l. genospecies was based on amplification of a fla gene using nested PCR technique, subsequent PCR-RFLP analysis and bidirectional sequencing. It was revealed that 45 samples (2.1%) harboured two different B. burgdorferi s.l. genospecies, whereas triple infections with various spirochetes was found in 11 (0.5%) individuals. Generally, the highest average coinfection rates were evidenced in arachnids gathered at rural woodlands, intermediate at suburban forests, while the lowest were recorded at urban green areas. Overall, single spirochete infections were noted in 16.3% (n = 352/2,153) ticks. Importantly, it is the first report evidencing the occurrence of Borrelia miyamotoi (0.3%, n = 7/2153) in I. ricinus populations within central Poland. Circumstantial variability of B. burgdorferi s.l. genospecies in the common tick individuals sampled at various habitat types in central and eastern Poland was displayed. The coexistence of two or three different spirochete genospecies in single adult ticks, as well as the presence of B. miyamotoi were demonstrated. Therefore, further studies uncovering the co-circulation of the tested bacteria and other human pathogens in I. ricinus ticks are required.
该研究的目的是评估从波兰中部和东部不同地区采集的蓖麻硬蜱（Ixodes ricinus (L.)）中莱姆病疏螺旋体狭义基因型的流行率和混合感染率。在2009年至2011年期间，采用拖旗法在代表不同生态系统类型的18个地点采集蓖麻硬蜱的若虫和成虫：城市绿地、郊区森林和乡村林地。莱姆病疏螺旋体狭义基因型的分子检测基于使用巢式PCR技术扩增fla基因、随后进行PCR-RFLP分析和双向测序。结果显示，45个样本（2.1%）携带两种不同的莱姆病疏螺旋体狭义基因型，而在11个（0.5%）个体中发现了多种螺旋体的三重感染。一般来说，在乡村林地采集的蛛形纲动物中平均混合感染率最高，在郊区森林中次之，而在城市绿地中最低。总体而言，在16.3%（n = 352/2,153）的蜱中发现了单一螺旋体感染。重要的是，这是第一份证明在波兰中部的蓖麻硬蜱种群中存在宫本疏螺旋体（Borrelia miyamotoi，0.3%，n = 7/2153）的报告。展示了在波兰中部和东部不同栖息地类型采集的常见蜱个体中莱姆病疏螺旋体狭义基因型的环境变异性。证明了单个成年蜱中存在两种或三种不同的螺旋体基因型，以及宫本疏螺旋体的存在。因此，需要进一步开展研究以揭示所检测细菌和其他人类病原体在蓖麻硬蜱中的共同传播情况。
