Al Hayek Ayman A, Robert Asirvatham A, Babli Saleha, Almonea Khuloud, Al Dawish Mohamed A
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Diabetes Treatment Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Diabetes Ther. 2017 Feb;8(1):75-83. doi: 10.1007/s13300-016-0221-8. Epub 2016 Dec 19.
This study was conducted to investigate the fear of self-injecting and self-testing and its related risk factors among adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
From December 2015 to April 2016, a cross-sectional study was performed at the Diabetes Treatment Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia on 142 registered T1DM patients between 13 and 19 years of age. Selection of the respondents was done deliberately and carefully, and the suitable patients were given specific identification numbers. A trained interviewer administered the short Diabetes Fear of Injecting and Self-testing Questionnaire to each patient. It included two subscales estimating the fear of self-injection (FSI) and fear of self-testing (FST). Each patient's age, gender, weight, height, adjusted body mass index (BMI), duration of the diabetic condition, treatment modality, insulin dosage, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were recorded.
The study found that the overall mean score of FSI was 2.44 ± 0.96, whereas that of FST was 2.25 ± 1.04. Adolescents above 16 years of age, treated with multiple daily insulin (MDI), on higher insulin doses, having poor glycemic control, and fewer finger pricks were observed to show significant risk factors for fear of self-injection of insulin, whereas in those patients having a long duration of T1DM, MDI treated, on higher insulin doses, with poor glycemic control, and fewer finger pricks showed significant risk factors for fear of self-testing of blood glucose. From the regression analysis it was evident that the variables of higher age, MDI treatment, and fewer finger pricks were independent risk factors for fear of self-injection of the insulin, whereas a fewer number of finger pricks was an independent risk factor for fear of self-testing the blood glucose.
Fear of self-injecting and fear of self-testing are common among adolescents with T1DM. Therefore, it is essential to ensure comprehensive multidisciplinary diabetes education to lower the risk factor of fear of injections.
本研究旨在调查1型糖尿病（T1DM）青少年对自我注射和自我检测的恐惧及其相关风险因素。
2015年12月至2016年4月，在沙特阿拉伯利雅得苏丹王子军事医疗城糖尿病治疗中心，对142名年龄在13至19岁之间的注册T1DM患者进行了一项横断面研究。受访者的选择经过深思熟虑和仔细挑选，合适的患者被赋予特定的识别号码。一名经过培训的访谈员向每位患者发放了简短的糖尿病注射和自我检测恐惧问卷。该问卷包括两个子量表，分别评估自我注射恐惧（FSI）和自我检测恐惧（FST）。记录了每位患者的年龄、性别、体重、身高、调整后的体重指数（BMI）、糖尿病病程、治疗方式、胰岛素剂量和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）。
研究发现，FSI的总体平均得分为2.44±0.96，而FST的总体平均得分为2.25±1.04。观察发现，16岁以上、接受多次每日胰岛素注射（MDI）治疗、胰岛素剂量较高、血糖控制不佳且手指采血次数较少的青少年显示出对胰岛素自我注射恐惧的显著风险因素，而在那些T1DM病程较长、接受MDI治疗、胰岛素剂量较高、血糖控制不佳且手指采血次数较少的患者中，显示出对血糖自我检测恐惧的显著风险因素。回归分析表明，年龄较大、MDI治疗和手指采血次数较少是胰岛素自我注射恐惧的独立风险因素，而手指采血次数较少是血糖自我检测恐惧的独立风险因素。
T1DM青少年对自我注射和自我检测的恐惧很常见。因此，确保全面的多学科糖尿病教育以降低注射恐惧的风险因素至关重要。
