Grüsser O J, Grüsser-Cornehls U, Kusel R, Przybyszewski A W
Department of Physiology, Freie Universität, Berlin, F.R.G.
Vision Res. 1989;29(2):181-94. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(89)90123-5.
By means of microelectrodes, the activity of single neurons (on-center, off-center ganglion cells, latency class I and class II neurons) was recorded from the optic tract of anesthetized cats. Eyeball deformation in total darkness led fairly consistently to an activation of the on-center ganglion cells, while off-center ganglion cells were inhibited. The latency and strength of this activation or inhibition seemed to be mainly dependent on the strength of eyeball indentation and the location of the neurons relative to the point of eyeball indentation. Some on-center neurons (mostly latency class I) also exhibited a short activation at "deformation off". For comparison, the responses of retinal ganglion cells to eyeball deformation in a hydrostatically open system and to a sudden increase in the intraocular pressure (closed system) are described. The neurophysiological data are explained by the assumption that eyeball indentation leads to a nonuniform tangential stretch of the retina, which exerts a locally variable depolarization of horizontal cells. This horizontal cell depolarization leads either directly or via a feedback loop through cone pedicles to a depolarization of on-bipolars and a hyperpolarization of off-bipolars. These effects determine in turn the responses seen at the ganglion cell level. It is emphasized that eyeball deformation can be used as an independent tool in transmitter studies of the retina.
通过微电极，从麻醉猫的视束记录单个神经元（on-center、off-center神经节细胞、I类和II类潜伏期神经元）的活动。在完全黑暗中眼球变形相当一致地导致on-center神经节细胞的激活，而off-center神经节细胞受到抑制。这种激活或抑制的潜伏期和强度似乎主要取决于眼球压痕的强度以及神经元相对于眼球压痕点的位置。一些on-center神经元（大多数为I类潜伏期）在“变形结束”时也表现出短暂的激活。作为比较，描述了视网膜神经节细胞在静水开放系统中对眼球变形以及在眼内压突然升高（封闭系统）时的反应。通过假设眼球压痕导致视网膜的非均匀切向拉伸，从而使水平细胞产生局部可变的去极化，来解释神经生理学数据。这种水平细胞去极化直接或通过一个通过视锥小足的反馈回路导致on-双极细胞去极化和off-双极细胞超极化。这些效应反过来决定了在神经节细胞水平上看到的反应。需要强调的是，眼球变形可以用作视网膜递质研究中的一种独立工具。
