Roberts Jackson R, Orelis-Ribeiro Raphael, Halanych Kenneth M, Arias Cova R, Bullard Stephen A
Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA.
Laboratorio de Ecologia Molecular e Parasitologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
Folia Parasitol (Praha). 2016 Dec 20;63:2016.041. doi: 10.14411/fp.2016.041.
Chicken turtles, Deirochelys reticularia (Latreille in Sonnini et Latreille) (Testudines: Emydidae) from Alabama, USA were infected by Spirorchis collinsi Roberts et Bullard sp. n. and Spirorchis cf. scripta. The new species is most easily differentiated from its congeners by the combination of having caeca that extend far beyond the genitalia, intercaecal genitalia positioned in the middle portion of the body, a testicular column that nearly abuts the caecal bifurcation, a cirrus sac positioned between the testes and ovary, a massive Mehlis' gland, an elongate, longitudinal metraterm that extends anteriad beyond the level of the ovary, a pre-ovarian genital pore, and a prominent, intercaecal Manter's organ. The specimens of S. cf. scripta differed from the holotype and published descriptions of Spirorchis scripta Stunkard, 1923 by several subtle morphological features, perhaps comprising intraspecific variation, but collectively warranted a detailed description herein. Based on examinations of the aforementioned specimens plus the holotype, paratypes and vouchers of morphologically-similar congeners, Spirorchis MacCallum, 1918 is emended to include the presence of oral sucker spines, a pharynx, lateral oesophageal diverticula ('plicate organ') and a median oesophageal diverticulum ('oeseophageal pouch'). Phylogenetic analysis of the nuclear large subunit rDNA (28S) recovered S. collinsi sister to Spirorchis picta Stunkard, 1923, > 99% similarity between S. cf. scripta and S. scripta, and a monophyletic Spirorchis MacCallum, 1918. No blood fluke infection has been reported previously from these drainages, Alabama, or this turtle species. This is the first new species of Spirorchis to be described from North America in 26 years.
美国亚拉巴马州的鸡龟（Deirochelys reticularia (Latreille in Sonnini et Latreille)，龟鳖目：水龟科）感染了柯林斯氏旋睾吸虫（Spirorchis collinsi Roberts et Bullard sp. n.）和疑似斯氏旋睾吸虫（Spirorchis cf. scripta）。新物种与同属其他物种最容易区分的特征组合包括：盲肠延伸至远远超出生殖器的位置、盲肠间生殖器位于身体中部、睾丸柱几乎邻接盲肠分叉处、阴茎囊位于睾丸和卵巢之间、有一个巨大的梅氏腺、一条细长的纵向子宫末段向前延伸至卵巢水平之上、卵巢前有生殖孔、以及一个突出的盲肠间曼氏器。疑似斯氏旋睾吸虫的标本在几个细微形态特征上与斯氏旋睾吸虫（Spirorchis scripta Stunkard，1923）的模式标本及已发表描述不同，这可能构成种内变异，但总体上仍值得在此进行详细描述。基于对上述标本以及形态相似同属物种的模式标本、副模式标本和凭证标本的检查，对1918年的旋睾吸虫属（Spirorchis MacCallum）进行了修订，使其包括口吸盘棘、咽、食管侧憩室（“褶状器官”）和食管中憩室（“食管囊”）的存在。对核大亚基rDNA（28S）的系统发育分析显示，柯林斯氏旋睾吸虫是1923年的画纹旋睾吸虫（Spirorchis picta Stunkard）的姐妹种，疑似斯氏旋睾吸虫与斯氏旋睾吸虫的相似度> 99%，并且旋睾吸虫属（Spirorchis MacCallum，1918）是单系的。此前在这些排水区域、亚拉巴马州或该龟种中均未报告有血吸虫感染。这是26年来北美描述的首个旋睾吸虫新物种。
