Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
Nat Commun. 2016 Dec 22;7:13988. doi: 10.1038/ncomms13988.
Self-assembly is a powerful paradigm, wherein molecules spontaneously form ordered phases exhibiting well-defined nanoscale periodicity and shapes. However, the inherent energy-minimization aspect of self-assembly yields a very limited set of morphologies, such as lamellae or hexagonally packed cylinders. Here, we show how soft self-assembling materials-block copolymer thin films-can be manipulated to form a diverse library of previously unreported morphologies. In this iterative assembly process, each polymer layer acts as both a structural component of the final morphology and a template for directing the order of subsequent layers. Specifically, block copolymer films are immobilized on surfaces, and template successive layers through subtle surface topography. This strategy generates an enormous variety of three-dimensional morphologies that are absent in the native block copolymer phase diagram.
自组装是一种强大的范式，其中分子自发形成具有明确定义的纳米级周期性和形状的有序相。然而，自组装的固有能量最小化方面导致了非常有限的形态，例如层状或六边形排列的圆柱。在这里，我们展示了如何操纵软自组装材料-嵌段共聚物薄膜-以形成以前未报道的形态的多样化库。在这个迭代组装过程中，每个聚合物层既是最终形态的结构组件，也是指导后续层顺序的模板。具体来说，嵌段共聚物薄膜被固定在表面上，并通过微妙的表面形貌来引导后续层的顺序。这种策略产生了大量的三维形态，这些形态在天然嵌段共聚物相图中是不存在的。
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