Koohsari Mohammad Javad, Owen Neville, Cole Rachel, Mavoa Suzanne, Oka Koichiro, Hanibuchi Tomoya, Sugiyama Takemi
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Japan; Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Australia; Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Australia; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Australia; Swinburne University of Technology, Australia.
Prev Med. 2017 Mar;96:124-128. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.12.021. Epub 2016 Dec 19.
Street layout is consistently associated with adults' travel behaviors, however factors influencing this association are unclear. We examined associations of street layout with travel behaviors: walking for transport (WT) and car use; and, the extent to which these relationships may be accounted for by availability of local destinations. A 24-h travel diary was completed in 2009 by 16,345 adult participants of the South-East Queensland Household Travel Survey, Australia. Three travel-behavior outcomes were derived: any home-based WT; over 30min of home-based WT; and, over 60min of car use. For street layout, a space syntax measure of street integration was calculated for each Statistical Area 1 (SA1, the smallest geographic unit in Australia). An objective measure of availability of destinations - Walk Score - was also derived for each SA1. Logistic regression examined associations of street layout with travel behaviors. Mediation analyses examined to what extent availability of destinations explained the associations. Street integration was significantly associated with travel behaviors. Each one-decile increment in street integration was associated with an 18% (95%CI: 1.15, 1.21) higher odds of any home-based WT; a 10% (95%CI: 1.06, 1.15) higher odds of over 30min of home-based WT; and a 5% (95%CI: 0.94, 0.96) lower odds of using a car over 60min. Local destinations partially mediated the effects of street layout on travel behaviors. Well-connected street layout contributes to active travel partially through availability of more local destinations. Urban design strategies need to address street layout and destinations to promote active travel among residents.
街道布局一直与成年人的出行行为相关，但影响这种关联的因素尚不清楚。我们研究了街道布局与出行行为之间的关联：步行出行（WT）和汽车使用情况；以及当地目的地的可达性在多大程度上可以解释这些关系。2009年，澳大利亚昆士兰州东南部家庭出行调查的16345名成年参与者完成了一份24小时出行日记。得出了三个出行行为结果：任何基于家的步行出行；超过30分钟的基于家的步行出行；以及超过60分钟的汽车使用。对于街道布局，计算了每个统计区域1（SA1，澳大利亚最小的地理单元）的街道整合的空间句法指标。还为每个SA1得出了目的地可达性的客观指标——步行得分。逻辑回归分析研究了街道布局与出行行为之间的关联。中介分析研究了目的地可达性在多大程度上解释了这些关联。街道整合与出行行为显著相关。街道整合每增加一个十分位数，任何基于家的步行出行的几率就会高出18%（95%置信区间：1.15，1.21）；超过30分钟的基于家的步行出行的几率会高出10%（95%置信区间：1.06，1.15）；而使用汽车超过60分钟的几率会降低5%（95%置信区间：0.94，0.96）。当地目的地部分中介了街道布局对出行行为的影响。连接良好的街道布局部分通过更多当地目的地的可达性促进了积极出行。城市设计策略需要兼顾街道布局和目的地，以促进居民的积极出行。
