Department of Urban Design, Bu-Ali Sina University, 94171-71946 Hamadan, Iran.
Escuela Tecnica Superior de Arquitectura, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid-UPM, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 31;17(7):2359. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17072359.
Along with environmental pollution, urban planning has been connected to public health. The research indicates that the quality of built environments plays an important role in reducing mental disorders and overall health. The structure and shape of the city are considered as one of the factors influencing happiness and health in urban communities and the type of the daily activities of citizens. The aim of this study was to promote physical activity in the main structure of the city via urban design in a way that the main form and morphology of the city can encourage citizens to move around and have physical activity within the city. Functional, physical, cultural-social, and perceptual-visual features are regarded as the most important and effective criteria in increasing physical activities in urban spaces, based on literature review. The environmental quality of urban spaces and their role in the physical activities of citizens in urban spaces were assessed by using the questionnaire tool and analytical network process (ANP) of structural equation modeling. Further, the space syntax method was utilized to evaluate the role of the spatial integration of urban spaces on improving physical activities. Based on the results, consideration of functional diversity, spatial flexibility and integration, security, and the aesthetic and visual quality of urban spaces plays an important role in improving the physical health of citizens in urban spaces. Further, more physical activities, including motivation for walking and the sense of public health and happiness, were observed in the streets having higher linkage and space syntax indexes with their surrounding texture.
随着环境污染，城市规划与公共卫生联系越来越紧密。研究表明，建筑环境的质量在减少精神障碍和整体健康方面起着重要作用。城市的结构和形状被认为是影响城市社区幸福感和健康的因素之一，也是公民日常活动类型的影响因素。本研究旨在通过城市设计促进城市主要结构中的身体活动，使城市的主要形式和形态能够鼓励市民在城市内四处走动并进行身体活动。基于文献回顾，功能、物理、文化-社会和感知-视觉特征被认为是增加城市空间身体活动的最重要和最有效的标准。通过问卷调查工具和结构方程模型的分析网络过程 (ANP) 评估城市空间的环境质量及其在城市居民身体活动中的作用。此外，还利用空间句法方法评估城市空间空间整合对改善身体活动的作用。结果表明，考虑城市空间的功能多样性、空间灵活性和整体性、安全性以及美学和视觉质量，对改善城市空间居民的身体健康起着重要作用。此外，与周围环境纹理具有更高连接性和空间句法指标的街道上，人们的身体活动更多，包括步行的动机以及公众健康和幸福感。
