Rahimpour Farzane, Rafiei Manesh Ehsan, Jarahi Lida, Eghbali Saba
Department of Occupational Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Community Medicine , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Iran J Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Nov;28(89):413-419.
Noise, as the most common pollutant in the industrial environment, can lead to hearing loss and negatively affect other organs such as the cardiovascular system. Cigarette smoking is a popular habit among some workers, and can also have a negative effect on the cardiovascular system. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of simultaneous exposure to noise and cigarette smoke on the blood pressure of workers at a manufacturing factory.
This cross-sectional study enrolled 604 workers at a steel factory. Information relating to workers' demography, employment, and risk factors were recorded. Based on the level of smoking per day, workers exposed to noise fell into one of the four following groups: 1) Non-smokers exposed to noise <85 DB; 2) Smokers exposed to noise <85 DB; 3) Non-smokers exposed to noise ≥85 DB; 4) Smokers exposed to noise ≥85 DB. A t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and logistic regression were applied for analysis using SPSS v11.5.
The prevalence of hypertension, cigarette smoking, and exposure to noise ≥85 DB was 11.6%, 15.3%, and 56.4%, respectively, among the workers. The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were 112.3 and 73.9 mmHg, respectively. A significant difference was observed between systolic and diastolic blood pressures in four groups (P=0.001). Posthoc test showed a significant difference between groups 1 and 3 (P=0.001). Regression analysis indicated no significant difference in workers who were simultaneously exposed to noise and cigarette smoke.
This study demonstrates that noise is an important factor in terms of hypertension, with no significant differences observed in the prevalence of hypertension between workers who were simultaneously exposed to noise and cigarette smoke. It is suggested that workers' blood pressure should be regularly monitored in noisy environments.
噪声作为工业环境中最常见的污染物，可导致听力损失，并对心血管系统等其他器官产生负面影响。吸烟是一些工人的普遍习惯，也会对心血管系统产生负面影响。本研究旨在调查同时接触噪声和香烟烟雾对一家制造工厂工人血压的影响。
这项横断面研究纳入了一家钢铁厂的604名工人。记录了与工人人口统计学、就业情况和风险因素相关的信息。根据每日吸烟量，接触噪声的工人分为以下四组之一：1）接触噪声<85分贝的非吸烟者；2）接触噪声<85分贝的吸烟者；3）接触噪声≥85分贝的非吸烟者；4）接触噪声≥85分贝的吸烟者。使用SPSS v11.5进行t检验、方差分析（ANOVA）和逻辑回归分析。
在这些工人中，高血压、吸烟和接触噪声≥85分贝的患病率分别为11.6%、15.3%和56.4%。平均收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）分别为112.3和73.9毫米汞柱。四组的收缩压和舒张压之间存在显著差异（P=0.001）。事后检验显示第1组和第3组之间存在显著差异（P=0.001）。回归分析表明，同时接触噪声和香烟烟雾的工人之间无显著差异。
本研究表明，就高血压而言，噪声是一个重要因素，同时接触噪声和香烟烟雾的工人在高血压患病率方面未观察到显著差异。建议在嘈杂环境中定期监测工人的血压。
