Zamora-Chimal Jaime, Hernández-Ruiz Joselín, Becker Ingeborg
Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Hospital General de México, Dr. Balmis 148, Ciudad de Mexico, C.P. 06726, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Hígado, Pancreas y Motilidad, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Dirección de Investigación, Hospital General de México "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga", Ciudad de México, C.P. 06726, Mexico.
Immunobiology. 2017 Apr;222(4):641-646. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.11.014. Epub 2016 Dec 5.
The role of NKT cells in the resistance or susceptibility towards Leishmania infections remains to be defined, since controversial data persist. The response of these cells seems to depend on many variables such as the infection site, the number of infecting parasites, the virulence of the strain and the Leishmania species. We here revise the activation pathways leading to NKT cell activation. NKT cells can be activated by the direct pathway, in which Leishmania glycolipids are presented by CD1d molecules on antigen presenting cells, such as dendritic cells (DC), leading to the secretion of diverse cytokines by NKT. NKT cells can also be activated by the indirect pathway, in which Leishmania glycolipids, such as LPG, stimulate TLR2 in DC, inducing their IL-12 production, which in turn activates NKT cells. The review further analyzes the role of NKT cells in disease development, both in humans as in mouse models. Finally we propose the activation of NKT cells for controlling Leishmania infections.
由于仍存在有争议的数据，自然杀伤T细胞（NKT细胞）在利什曼原虫感染的抗性或易感性中的作用尚待明确。这些细胞的反应似乎取决于许多变量，如感染部位、感染寄生虫的数量、菌株的毒力和利什曼原虫的种类。我们在此回顾导致NKT细胞活化的途径。NKT细胞可通过直接途径被激活，即利什曼原虫糖脂由抗原呈递细胞（如树突状细胞，DC）上的CD1d分子呈递，导致NKT细胞分泌多种细胞因子。NKT细胞也可通过间接途径被激活，即利什曼原虫糖脂（如脂磷壁酸，LPG）刺激DC中的Toll样受体2（TLR2），诱导其产生白细胞介素-12（IL-12），进而激活NKT细胞。该综述进一步分析了NKT细胞在人类和小鼠模型疾病发展中的作用。最后，我们提出激活NKT细胞以控制利什曼原虫感染。
