Mathew Nisha
Vector Control Research Centre (ICMR), Indira Nagar, Pondicherry, 605006, India.
Parasitol Res. 2017 Feb;116(2):821-825. doi: 10.1007/s00436-016-5351-4. Epub 2016 Dec 24.
Essential oils from fresh leaves of four aromatic plants viz., Ocimum sanctum, Mentha piperita, Eucalyptus globulus and Plectranthus amboinicus were extracted by hydrodistillation. The test solutions were prepared as 20% essential oil in ethanol and positive control as 20% DEET in ethanol. Essential oil blend was prepared as 5% concentration. Nulliparous, 3-5-day-old female adult Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were used for repellency screening as per ICMR protocol. The study showed that the repellency of 20% essential oil of O. sanctum, M. piperita and P. amboinicus were comparable with that of the standard DEET (20%) as no mosquito landing on the test was observed up to 6 h. The E. globulus oil exhibited mosquito repellency only upto 1½ h. Considerable mosquito landing and feeding was displayed in negative control. In the case of the oil blend, no landing of mosquitoes was seen up to 6 h as that of positive control. The results showed that the essential oil blend from O. sanctum, M. piperita, E. globulus and P. amboinicus could repel Ae. aegypti mosquitoes or prevent from feeding as in the case of DEET even at a lower concentration of 5%. This study demonstrates the potential of essential oils from O. sanctum, M. piperita, E. globulus and P. amboinicus and their blend as mosquito repellents against Ae. aegypti, the vector of dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever.
通过水蒸馏法从四种芳香植物（即圣罗勒、胡椒薄荷、蓝桉和安汶唇香草）的新鲜叶片中提取了精油。将测试溶液配制成20%的精油乙醇溶液，阳性对照为20%的避蚊胺乙醇溶液。将精油混合物配制成5%的浓度。按照印度医学研究理事会的方案，使用未产卵的3至5日龄雌性埃及伊蚊成虫进行驱避性筛选。研究表明，圣罗勒、胡椒薄荷和安汶唇香草20%的精油的驱避性与标准避蚊胺（20%）相当，因为在长达6小时的时间内，未观察到蚊子落在测试对象上。蓝桉油的驱蚊效果仅持续1个半小时。阴性对照中出现了大量蚊子着陆和叮咬的情况。就精油混合物而言，在长达6小时的时间内未观察到蚊子着陆，与阳性对照情况相同。结果表明，圣罗勒、胡椒薄荷、蓝桉和安汶唇香草的精油混合物即使在5%的较低浓度下也能驱赶埃及伊蚊或防止其叮咬，就像避蚊胺一样。这项研究证明了圣罗勒、胡椒薄荷、蓝桉和安汶唇香草的精油及其混合物作为针对埃及伊蚊（登革热、基孔肯雅热和黄热病的传播媒介）的驱蚊剂的潜力。
