Vanheule Stijn
Department of Psychoanalysis and Clinical Consulting, Ghent University Ghent, Belgium.
Front Psychol. 2016 Dec 9;7:1948. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01948. eCollection 2016.
This paper studies how in capitalist culture can be characterized. Building on Lacan's later seminars XVI, XVII, XVIII, and XIX, the author first outlines Lacan's general discourse theory, which includes four characteristic discourses: the discourse of the master, the discourse of the university, the discourse of the hysteric and the discourse of the analyst. Next, the author explores the subjectivity and the mode of dealing with jouissance and semblance, which is entailed in a fifth type of discourse, the capitalist discourse, discussed by Lacan (1972). Indeed, like the other discourses that Lacan discerns, the discourse of the capitalist can be thought of as a mode of dealing with the sexual non-rapport. It is argued that in the case of neurosis the discourse of the capitalist functions as an attempt to ignore the sexual non-rapport and the dimension of the unconscious. Psychosis, by contrast, is marked by an a priori exclusion from discourse. In that case, consumerist ways of relating to the other might offer a semblance, and thus the possibility of inventing a mode of relating to the other. Two clinical vignettes are presented to illustrate this perspective: one concerning the neurotic structure and one concerning the psychotic structure.
本文研究资本主义文化如何能够被表征。基于拉康后期的第十六、十七、十八和十九期研讨班，作者首先概述了拉康的一般话语理论，该理论包括四种特征性话语：主人话语、大学话语、癔症话语和分析师话语。接下来，作者探讨了一种由拉康（1972年）讨论的第五种话语类型——资本主义话语中所蕴含的主体性以及处理原乐和幻像的方式。的确，与拉康所识别的其他话语一样，资本主义话语可以被视为一种处理性非关系的模式。有人认为，在神经症的情况下，资本主义话语起到了一种试图忽视性非关系和无意识维度的作用。相比之下，精神病的特征是先验地被排除在话语之外。在这种情况下，消费主义的与他者相关的方式可能会提供一种幻像，从而有可能发明一种与他者相关的模式。本文呈现了两个临床案例来阐释这一观点：一个涉及神经症结构，另一个涉及精神病结构。
