Smithard David G
Department of Electronics and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK ; Princess Royal University Hospital, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
Curr Phys Med Rehabil Rep. 2016;4(4):287-294. doi: 10.1007/s40141-016-0137-2. Epub 2016 Nov 23.
Dysphagia is one of the many complications of stroke. It is common and is an independent marker of outcome. Dysphagia management is important. Although the speech and language pathologist is the key worker in dysphagia management, they are supported by all members of the multi-disciplinary team. Stroke patients should be screened on admission for the presence of dysphagia and assessed by the speech and language therapist (or appropriate professional), where indicated investigation should be undertaken to understand the swallowing physiology and to guide treatment. Management, at present, is based around texture modification of food/liquids and swallowing manoeuvres. Rehabilitation of swallowing remains in its infancy, but there is a lot of promising research with neurostimulation, medication and devices to strengthen muscles involved in swallowing.
吞咽困难是中风的众多并发症之一。它很常见，并且是预后的一个独立指标。吞咽困难的管理很重要。虽然言语治疗师是吞咽困难管理的关键工作人员，但多学科团队的所有成员都为其提供支持。中风患者入院时应进行吞咽困难筛查，并由言语治疗师（或合适的专业人员）进行评估，如有必要应进行检查以了解吞咽生理并指导治疗。目前的管理方法主要围绕食物/液体的质地调整和吞咽动作。吞咽功能的康复尚处于起步阶段，但在神经刺激、药物和设备以增强参与吞咽的肌肉方面有很多有前景的研究。
