State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050, P. R. China.
ACS Nano. 2016 Dec 27;10(12):11483-11495. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.6b07239. Epub 2016 Dec 6.
Practical applications of nanostructured materials have been largely limited by the difficulties in controllable and scaled-up synthesis, large-sized highly ordered self-assembly, and macroscopic processing of nanostructures. Hydroxyapatite (HAP), the major inorganic component of human bone and tooth, is an important biomaterial with high biocompatibility, bioactivity, and high thermal stability. Large-sized highly ordered HAP nanostructures are of great significance for applications in various fields and for understanding the formation mechanisms of bone and tooth. However, the synthesis of large-sized highly ordered HAP nanostructures remains a great challenge, especially for the preparation of large-sized highly ordered ultralong HAP nanowires because ultralong HAP nanowires are easily tangled and aggregated. Herein, we report our three main research findings: (1) the large-scale synthesis of highly flexible ultralong HAP nanowires with lengths up to >100 μm and aspect ratios up to >10000; (2) the demonstration of a strategy for the rapid automated production of highly flexible, fire-resistant, large-sized, self-assembled highly ordered ultralong HAP nanowires (SHOUHNs) at room temperature; and (3) the successful construction of various flexible fire-resistant HAP ordered architectures using the SHOUHNs, such as high-strength highly flexible nanostructured ropes (nanoropes), highly flexible textiles, and 3-D printed well-defined highly ordered patterns. The SHOUHNs are successively formed from the nanoscale to the microscale then to the macroscale, and the ordering direction of the ordered HAP structure is controllable. These ordered HAP architectures made from the SHOUHNs, such as highly flexible textiles, may be engineered into advanced functional products for applications in various fields, for example, fireproof clothing.
纳米结构材料的实际应用在很大程度上受到可控和规模化合成、大尺寸高度有序自组装和纳米结构的宏观加工等方面的困难所限制。羟基磷灰石（HAP）是人体骨骼和牙齿的主要无机成分，是一种具有高生物相容性、生物活性和高热稳定性的重要生物材料。大尺寸高度有序的 HAP 纳米结构对于各种领域的应用以及理解骨骼和牙齿的形成机制具有重要意义。然而，大尺寸高度有序的 HAP 纳米结构的合成仍然是一个巨大的挑战，特别是对于制备大尺寸高度有序的超长 HAP 纳米线，因为超长 HAP 纳米线容易缠结和聚集。在此，我们报告了我们的三个主要研究结果：（1）大规模合成具有高达 >100μm 长度和高达 >10000 的纵横比的高度灵活的超长 HAP 纳米线；（2）展示了一种在室温下快速自动生产高度灵活、防火、大尺寸、自组装高度有序的超长 HAP 纳米线（SHOUHNs）的策略；（3）成功构建了各种灵活防火的 HAP 有序结构，例如高强度高灵活的纳米结构绳索（nanoropes）、高灵活的纺织品和 3D 打印的定义明确的高度有序图案。SHOUHNs 从纳米尺度连续形成到微尺度，然后到宏观尺度，有序 HAP 结构的定向是可控的。这些由 SHOUHNs 制成的有序 HAP 结构，例如高灵活的纺织品，可被工程化为用于各种领域的先进功能产品，例如防火服。
