Ropka-Molik Katarzyna, Bereta Anna, Żukowski Kacper, Piórkowska Katarzyna, Gurgul Artur, Żak Grzegorz
Department of Genomics and Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland.
Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland.
Anim Sci J. 2017 Aug;88(8):1178-1188. doi: 10.1111/asj.12751. Epub 2016 Dec 27.
In pig, the histological profile of muscle tissue, especially the proportion of individual fiber types, is one of the main factors affecting meat quality properties. In the present research, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) by using next generation sequencing method was applied to estimate the whole gene expression profile of Longissimus lumborum muscle of pigs (Large White breed) differing in the percentage of two fiber types (slow-twitch (type I) fibers and fast-twitch glycolytic (type IIB) fibers). The RNA-seq approach allowed us to identify 355 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) indicated as significant (false discovery rate-adjusted P < 0.05) using three types of software: DESeq2, edgeR and baySeq. Detected genes and pathways deregulated in muscle depending on tissue microstructure were associated with: metabolic processes - 158 genes; cellular processes - 122; biological regulation - 62; localization - 51; and 35 genes with developmental processes. The DEGs were included in: PI3K-Akt; FoxO and MAPK signaling pathways, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, lysine degradation and insulin signaling pathway as well as mTOR and Hippo signaling pathways. These results highlight the mainly metabolic pathways related to glucose metabolism and contraction processes of muscle cells. Detection of genes involved in variation of fiber-type distribution will be useful in understanding of the genetic factors affecting muscle structure, metabolic process and indirectly, meat quality traits.
在猪中，肌肉组织的组织学特征，尤其是不同类型肌纤维的比例，是影响肉质特性的主要因素之一。在本研究中，采用下一代测序方法进行RNA测序（RNA-seq），以评估两种纤维类型（慢肌纤维（I型）和快糖酵解纤维（IIB型））比例不同的猪（大白猪品种）腰大肌的全基因表达谱。RNA-seq方法使我们能够使用三种软件（DESeq2、edgeR和baySeq）鉴定出355个差异表达基因（DEG），这些基因被判定为显著差异表达基因（错误发现率校正P<0.05）。根据组织微观结构，在肌肉中检测到的失调基因和通路与以下方面相关：代谢过程——158个基因；细胞过程——122个；生物调节——62个；定位——51个；以及35个与发育过程相关的基因。这些差异表达基因参与了PI3K-Akt、FoxO和MAPK信号通路、肌动蛋白细胞骨架调节、赖氨酸降解和胰岛素信号通路以及mTOR和Hippo信号通路。这些结果突出了与葡萄糖代谢和肌肉细胞收缩过程相关的主要代谢途径。检测参与纤维类型分布变化的基因将有助于理解影响肌肉结构、代谢过程以及间接影响肉质性状的遗传因素。
