Murni Indah K, Sulistyoningrum Dian C, Oktaria Vicka
Department of Pediatrics, DR Sardjito Hospital/Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Email:
Department of Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2016 Dec;25(Suppl 1):S8-S19. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.122016.s1.
Vitamin D deficiency significantly affects cardiovascular disease risk. Cardiovascular disease is epidemic in nature. Because the prevalence of cardiovascular disease has been increasing in children, it has been changing from an adulthood disease to a childhood disease. Therefore, formulating an effective prevention strategy against cardiovascular disease development in children is crucial.
From PubMed, we identified and reviewed studies evaluating the association of vitamin D deficiency with cardiovascular disease risk in children.
The mechanism through which vitamin D protects against cardiovascular disease has yet to be fully elucidated. Vitamin D deficiency may be associated with various risk factors for cardiovascular disease that are already manifested in childhood, including obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with cardiovascular disease because it promotes vascular stiffness and calcification, leading to atherosclerosis. However, studies investigating the effectiveness of vitamin D in preventing cardiovascular disease risk by using an ideal study design are scant.
Vitamin D deficiency in children may increase cardiovascular disease risk, which tends to manifest in childhood. Because data on the association of vitamin D deficiency with cardiovascular disease risk among children are limited and inconclusive, additional studies are required to investigate this association in children in general and in a setting with naturally abundant sun exposure.
维生素D缺乏显著影响心血管疾病风险。心血管疾病具有流行性。由于儿童心血管疾病的患病率一直在上升，它已从一种成人疾病转变为儿童疾病。因此，制定有效的预防儿童心血管疾病发展的策略至关重要。
我们从PubMed上检索并综述了评估维生素D缺乏与儿童心血管疾病风险之间关联的研究。
维生素D预防心血管疾病的机制尚未完全阐明。维生素D缺乏可能与儿童期已出现的多种心血管疾病风险因素相关，包括肥胖、高血压、血脂异常、胰岛素抵抗和代谢综合征。维生素D缺乏与心血管疾病相关，因为它会促进血管僵硬和钙化，导致动脉粥样硬化。然而，采用理想研究设计来调查维生素D预防心血管疾病风险有效性的研究很少。
儿童维生素D缺乏可能会增加心血管疾病风险，这种风险往往在儿童期就会显现。由于关于儿童维生素D缺乏与心血管疾病风险之间关联的数据有限且尚无定论，因此需要更多研究来调查一般儿童以及在阳光自然充足环境下的儿童中的这种关联。
