Jang Mi, Park So Young, Kim Yong Woon, Jung Seung Pil, Kim Jong Yeon
Obesity-Diabetes Advanced Research Center, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Diabetes Metab J. 2017 Apr;41(2):121-127. doi: 10.4093/dmj.2017.41.2.121. Epub 2016 Dec 16.
The proportion of saturated fatty acids/unsaturated fatty acids in the diet seems to act as a physiological regulation on obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. Differently composed fatty acid diets may induce satiety of the hypothalamus in different ways. However, the direct effect of the different fatty acid diets on satiety in the hypothalamus is not clear.
Three experiments in mice were conducted to determine whether: different compositions of fatty acids affects gene mRNA expression of the hypothalamus over time; different types of fatty acids administered into the stomach directly affect gene mRNA expression of the hypothalamus; and fat composition changes in the diet affects gene mRNA expression of the hypothalamus.
The type of fat in cases of purified fatty acid administration directly into the stomach may cause changes of gene expressions in the hypothalamus. Gene expression by dietary fat may be regulated by calorie amount ingested rather than weight amount or type of fat.
Therefore, the calorie density factor of the diet in regulating hypothalamic gene in food intake may be detrimental, although the possibility of type of fat cannot be ruled out.
饮食中饱和脂肪酸/不饱和脂肪酸的比例似乎对肥胖、心血管疾病和糖尿病起着生理调节作用。不同组成的脂肪酸饮食可能以不同方式诱导下丘脑产生饱腹感。然而，不同脂肪酸饮食对下丘脑饱腹感的直接影响尚不清楚。
在小鼠中进行了三项实验，以确定：不同组成的脂肪酸随时间推移是否会影响下丘脑的基因mRNA表达；直接注入胃内的不同类型脂肪酸是否会直接影响下丘脑的基因mRNA表达；以及饮食中的脂肪组成变化是否会影响下丘脑的基因mRNA表达。
直接将纯化脂肪酸注入胃内的情况下，脂肪类型可能会导致下丘脑基因表达发生变化。饮食脂肪引起的基因表达可能受摄入热量的调节，而非脂肪的重量或类型。
因此，尽管不能排除脂肪类型的可能性，但饮食的热量密度因素在调节食物摄入中下丘脑基因方面可能是有害的。
