Chamberlain Marc C, Baik Christina S, Gadi Vijayakrishna K, Bhatia Shailender, Chow Laura Q M
Seattle Cancer Center Alliance, Seattle, Washington (M.C.C., C.S.B., V.K.G., S.B., L.Q.M.C.); Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington (C.S.B., V.K.G., L.Q.M.C.); Departments of Neurology and Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (M.C.C.); Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (C.S.B., V.K.G., S.B., L.Q.M.C)
Seattle Cancer Center Alliance, Seattle, Washington (M.C.C., C.S.B., V.K.G., S.B., L.Q.M.C.); Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington (C.S.B., V.K.G., L.Q.M.C.); Departments of Neurology and Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (M.C.C.); Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (C.S.B., V.K.G., S.B., L.Q.M.C).
Neuro Oncol. 2017 Jan;19(1):i1-i24. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/now197.
Brain metastases (BM) occur frequently in many cancers, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, and melanoma. The development of BM is associated with poor prognosis and has an adverse impact on survival and quality of life. Commonly used therapies for BM such as surgery or radiotherapy are associated with only modest benefits. However, recent advances in systemic therapy of many cancers have generated considerable interest in exploration of those therapies for treatment of intracranial metastases.This review discusses the epidemiology of BM from the aforementioned primary tumors and the challenges of using systemic therapies for metastatic disease located within the central nervous system. Cumulative data from several retrospective and small prospective studies suggest that molecularly targeted systemic therapies may be an effective option for the treatment of BM from NSCLC, breast cancer, and melanoma, either as monotherapy or in conjunction with other therapies. Larger prospective studies are warranted to further characterize the efficacy and safety profiles of these targeted agents for the treatment of BM.
脑转移瘤（BM）在许多癌症中频繁发生，尤其是非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）、乳腺癌和黑色素瘤。脑转移瘤的发生与预后不良相关，对生存和生活质量有不利影响。常用的脑转移瘤治疗方法，如手术或放疗，仅具有适度的益处。然而，许多癌症全身治疗的最新进展引发了对探索这些疗法用于治疗颅内转移瘤的极大兴趣。本综述讨论了上述原发性肿瘤的脑转移瘤流行病学以及使用全身疗法治疗位于中枢神经系统内的转移性疾病所面临的挑战。几项回顾性和小型前瞻性研究的累积数据表明，分子靶向全身疗法可能是治疗非小细胞肺癌、乳腺癌和黑色素瘤脑转移瘤的有效选择，可作为单一疗法或与其他疗法联合使用。有必要进行更大规模的前瞻性研究，以进一步明确这些靶向药物治疗脑转移瘤的疗效和安全性。
