Virupaksha H G, Muralidhar Daliboyina, Ramakrishna Jayashree
Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Department of Mental Health Education, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Indian J Psychol Med. 2016 Nov-Dec;38(6):505-509. doi: 10.4103/0253-7176.194908.
Suicide rate and suicidal tendencies among transgender persons are considerably high compared to general population. Hence, this review is an attempt to understand the issues around the suicide and suicidal behavior among transgender persons.
The literature search conducted using three sources, i.e., electronic databases (PubMed, ProQuest, Google Scholar, PsycInfo), manual search (library catalog), and gray literature (consultation with experts).
The suicide attempt rate among transgender persons ranges from 32% to 50% across the countries. Gender-based victimization, discrimination, bullying, violence, being rejected by the family, friends, and community; harassment by intimate partner, family members, police and public; discrimination and ill treatment at health-care system are the major risk factors that influence the suicidal behavior among transgender persons.
In spite of facing a number of hardships in their day-to-day life, the transgender community holds a number of resiliency factors. Further, this community needs to be supported to strengthen their resiliency factors and draw culturally sensitive and transgender-inclusive suicide prevention strategies and increase protective factors to tackle this high rate of suicidality.
与普通人群相比，跨性别者的自杀率和自杀倾向相当高。因此，本综述旨在了解跨性别者自杀及自杀行为相关问题。
通过三种来源进行文献检索，即电子数据库（PubMed、ProQuest、谷歌学术、PsycInfo）、手工检索（图书馆目录）和灰色文献（与专家咨询）。
各国跨性别者的自杀未遂率在32%至50%之间。基于性别的受害、歧视、欺凌、暴力、被家人、朋友和社区拒绝；亲密伴侣、家庭成员、警察和公众的骚扰；医疗保健系统中的歧视和虐待是影响跨性别者自杀行为的主要风险因素。
尽管跨性别群体在日常生活中面临诸多困难，但他们拥有一些复原力因素。此外，需要支持这个群体增强其复原力因素，制定具有文化敏感性和跨性别包容性的自杀预防策略，并增加保护因素以应对这种高自杀率。
